
Copyright W 



COPYRIGHT DEPOSIT. 







T€IHI 
C © ¥ B!=TT i^ 

rllSTORICAL 




THE BOOK OF THE WORDS 



"O for a muse of fire, that would ascend 
'^he brightest heaven of invention! 
A Kingdom for a stage, princes to act. 
And monarchs to behold the sToelling scene! 

^ut, pardon, gentles all! 

A nd let us . , 

On your imaginary foices icork: 

Piece out our imperfections with ^our thoughts^ 
Into a thousand parts divide one man. 
And mal^e imaginary^ puissance: 

jumping o 'er times; 

Turning the accomplishment of many years 
Into an hour-glass. " 

Hbnrt V. 




The Book 

of the 

Words. 



WESTCHESTER COUNTY 
HISTORICAL 



PAGE AWT. 




16x4 X846 




^M^-^-^ 

^"^^^^M 







COPTKIGHT 1909 
BY 

Violet Oakley 



LIBRARY of CONGRESS 
Two CoDifcS Reco'ved 

MAY 25 19U9 

CopyriL'nt tnlry _ 
CLASS /4 ' XXc No 
'COPY '>./ 



PATRONS 

His Elxcellency Charles E. Hughes, Governor of the State of New York 

The Honorable George B. McClellan, Mayor of New York City 

The Honorable Nathan Warren, Mayor of Yonkers 

The Honorable Benjamin F. Howe, Mayor of Mount Vernon 

The Honorable George Raymond. Mayor of New Rochelle 

Colonial Dames of the State of New York 

( Custodians of Van Cortlandt House, Van Cortlandt Park) 

Daughters of the Revolution, State of New York 

Daughters of the American Revolution, Bronx Chapter 

Sir Caspar Purdon Clarke General Horace Porter 

The Honorable Joseph H. Choate Mr. Andrew Carnegie 

Judge Henry E. Howland Mr. Frederick Dielman 

MASTER OF THE PAGEANT 
Violet Oakley 



SECRETARY 
Mr. Frank R. Chambers 



TREASURER 

Mr. Ellis W. Gladwin 



EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE 

Miss Elizabeth E. Wellington, Chairman 

Mrs. William Lloyd Kitchel, Secretary 

Mrs. Timothy F. Allen 

Mrs. Charles W. Bonner 

Mrs. Prestley Bisland 

Mrs. Harry R Burt 

Mrs. Frank R. Chambers, Jr. 

Miss Amie Dusenberry 



ADVISORY BOARD 

Mr. Leonard Kebler, Chairman 
Mr. Waiiam P. H. Bacon 
Mr, John S. Bates 
Mr. John A. Fry 
Mr. Ellis W. Qadwin 
Mr. Arthur W. Lawrence 
Mr. Harry L. Stratton 



GENERAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE 



C>r. Lyman F. Abbott 
Mr. John W. Alexander 
Mrs. Elizabeth Aker;; Allen 
Mr. John J. Brown 
Rev. Charles E. Brugler 
Miss Emily Ogden Butler 
Mr. James G. Cannon 
Mr. Francis M. Carpenter 
Mr. John Carstensen 
Mr. Richard Harding Davis 
Mr. Robert E. Farley 
Mr. Cornelius B. Fish 
Mr. Clyde Fitch 
Mr. Alvah P. French 
Mr. Daniel Chester French 
Mr. A. S. Frissell 
Dr. S. E. Getty 



Mr. Richard Watson Gilder 
Col. H. O. S. Heistand 
Mr. Richard H. Hunt 
Mr. William V. D. Lawrence 
Mr. J. C. Leyendecker 
Mr. Will H. Low 
Judge Isaac N. Mills 
Mr. John E. Parsons 
Hon. Bradford Rhodes 
Mr. Edward Robinson 
Mrs. Roswell Skeel, Jr. 
Mr. F. Hopkinson Smith 
Mr. Abraham S. Underbill 
Mrs. Henry Villard 
Mr. Howard Willets 
Mr. Joseph Wood 
General Leonard Wood 



COMMITTEE OF ARTISTS 



Mr. Orrin S. Parsons, Chairman 
Mr. Edward L. Gay 
Mr. Hobart Nichols 
Mrs. Hobart Nichols 
Mr. Charles R. Knight 



Mr. Edward Penfield 
Mr. William T. Smedley 
Mr. George H. Smillie 
Mr. Charles Smillie 
Mr. Orson Lowell 



MUSIC COMMITTEE 



Mr. Ferris J. Meigs, Chairman 
Mrs. Leon O. Bailey 
Mrs. F. Edge Kavanagh 



Mr. Louis F. Pease 
Mr. Allan Robinson 
Mr. Charles L. SaHord 



Mr. Richard W, Middleton 



COMMITTEE ON COSTUMES 

Mrs. Orrin S. Parsons, Chairman 
Mrs. Thomas Jewetl Hallowell 
Mrs. Warren J. Hoysradl 
Mrs. Dudley B. Lawrence 
Mrs. Larkin G. Mead 
Mrs. Arhur R. Teal 
Mrs. Stanley Ward 



HERALDRY COMMITTEE 

Mrs. Ferris J. Meigs, Chairman 
Mrs. Almon C. Barrell 
Miss Elizabeth Gilman 
Mrs. Charles 1. Marvin 
Mrs. William T. Smedley 
Mrs. Chester O. Swain 



STAGE DIRECTOR 

Mr. LaMont A. Warner 



ENROLLMENT COMMITTEE 

Mr. William H. Atkinson, Chairman 
Mrs. Byron E. Elldred 
Mrs. Albert E. Stratton 



COMMITTEE ON PUBUCATIONS 

Mrs. Pressley Bisland, Chairman 
Mr. Frederick S. Warren 
Mr. Alfred B. Stone 
Mr. Benjamin E. Smythe 



PUBUCITY COMMITTEE 

Mr. Matthew B. Claussen Mr. Franklin T. Root 



COMMITTEE ON ENTERTAINMENTS 



Mrs. Harry R. Burt, Chairman 

Mrs. John S. Bates 

Mrs. Ralph Best 

Mrs. Charles W. Bonner 

Mrs. T. Passmore Berens 



Mrs. Wilmer Bird 

Mrs. Herbert R. Charlton 

Mrs. Byron E. Odred 

Mrs. John A. Fry 

Mrs. William Lloyd Kitchel 




SUBSCRIBERS TO THE PAGEANT 


Mts. Herman O. Armour 


Mrs. Robert E. Livingston 


Mrs. John S. Bates 


Mr. Glenn Ford McKinney 


Mrs. Harry R. Burt 


Judge Isaac N. Mills 


Mr. Francis M. Carpenter 


Mr. FAward Roberts 


Mrs. E. C. Converse 


Mr. Thomas Robinson 


Mrs. James B. Converse 


Dr. John W. Smith 


Mr. Ellis W. Gladwin 


Mr. Charles F. Sturhahn 


Mrs. R. P. Haines Halsey 


Mr. Albert Elbridge Stratton 


Mrs. Richard Hayward 


Miss Thome 


Mr. W. V. D. Lawrence 


Mrs. Philip Torchio 


Mr. Arthur Lawrence 


Mrs. Henry Tuck 


Mrs. Ward Leonard 


Mrs. Arthur M. Wellington 



JJ'.,.'J.'.l.!.,M.l.VrCT 



i 




Ob'tftAlhrMVWIAlWmtfUtfUtflltfUlAIWV VW WVIMV VV WUVMVWVU IW;WVW.VW 



w^^r^■r^■>^^p.^l!V^n■^;^p?Tr^^x ^ r^^?^l7^T^^^rTi^3 



FORE-WORD 



E. E. W. 




YEZ ! YEZ ! The Spirit of the Past comes to 
hold sway once more over the wooded hills 
of Westchester. Give place ! for in her train 
behold the living- spirits of our fore-fathers, 
who claim their ancient domain for the 
length of one summer's day, wherein to do 

again great deeds of valour, and to hold revel in the primeval 

forest. 

To all who are weary with the dust and heat of cities, with 

the jangle and clamour of daily life, the Spirit says. Come ye ! 

Come to the sweet woodland, and learn what merry scenes and 

noble deeds these same old oaks and giant rocks have witnessed 

in bygone days ! 

To each and everyone she offers the magic spell which for 

a few brief golden hours will cause them to dwell in another 

world and time. For all who enter this enchanted forest there 

awaits A Midsummer Day's Dream. 



PROGRAMME OF THE MUSIC 

OVERTURE: The Netherland Folk-Song "Prayer of 

Thanksgiving" as the theme, arranged 
by Mr. Charles L. Safford 

EPISODE I: The Song of William of Nassau, Prince of 

Orange — The old German hjnnn "Nun 
Dankett' J. Cruger, 1639 

EPISODE II: Twenty-Third Psalm, metrical arrangement 

Bay Psalm Book 1640 

EPISODE III : Military music 1600 

EPISODE IV : " Clochette " Louis XIII, 1643 

Turkish March Jean Baptist Lulli, 1633 

Sixtieth Psalm Clement Marot 

EPISODE V: "The Spring's Coming" from the Bath 

Medley Tony Ashton, 1737 

EPISODE VI: Military music of the Revolutionary period. 

EPISODE VII : Military March from ' ' Aida ' ' 

Netherland "Prayer of Thanksgiving" sung 
by full chorus. 

8 




TABLE OF CONTENTS 



The Prolo^e, Historical Introductions to the 
Episodes and Scenes, Pictorial Headings and the 
notes by Violet Oakley, Master of the Pageant. 

Patrons, Committees, Officers, etc 3, 4, 5 

Subscribers 6 

Fore-Word 7 

Programme of the Music 8 

Authors of the Episodes 9 

Invitation to the Pageant, Poem — Richard Watson Gilder . 13 

Prologue 15 

EPISODE I.— The Dutch. 

Historical Introduction 17 

Scene First, Adriaen Block at the Hague — Tudor Jenks 21 
Scene Second, Coming of Jonas Bronck — Tudor Jenks 25 

9 



TABLE OF CONTENTS, CONTINUED 



EPISODE II.— The English. 

Historical Introduction 29 

Scene First, Anne Hutchinson — Violet Oakley 33 

Scene Second, Captain Underhill — Violet Oakley 41 

EPISODE III.— Dutch Settlement and English Encroach- 
ment, 

Historical Introduction to Scene First 45 

Scene First, Founding of Yonkers — Mrs. Henry Tuck 47 

Historical Introduction of Scene Second 53 

Scene Second, Founding of Westchester Town — 

Mrs. Henry Tuck 55 

EPISODE IV.— The French. 

Historical Introduction 59 

Scene First, The Huguenots — Marguerite Merington. . 61 

Scene Second, Presentation of the Fatted Calf — 

Elizabeth B. Custer 67 

Scene Third, The Walk to Church- 
Marguerite Merington 71 

EPISODE v.— The Election on the Green. 

Historical Introduction 75 

Scene, Premonitions of Independence — 

Gouvemeur Morris 81 

10 



TABLE OF CONTENTS, CONTINUED 

EPISODE VI.— The Revolution. 

Historical Introduction 35 

Scene First, The Congress on Horseback — 

Elizabeth Bisland Wetmore 89 

Scene Second, Reading the Declaration of Indepen- 
dence—Elizabeth Bisland Wetmore 93 

Scene Third, Battle of White Plains— Pressley Bisland 97 

Scene Fourth Capture of Andre— Pressley Bisland 101 

EPISODE VII.— The Young Nation and the 19th Century. 

Historical Introduction 105 

Scene, Washington Irving at Sunnyside — 

Euth McEnery Stuart 107 

Final Tableau II4 

Cover Design by Violet Oakley 
Title page by Pauline Jenks 




11 




By RIGHARtD WATSON GILDER 



Come to the poets' land! 'T was here 
The tragic singer wandered long; 
Here brother poets set their song 
To gentler music, sweet and clear; 
And, in our day, a graybeard sang 
Songs wherewith these woodlands rang. 

II. 

Men and women, come ye all, — 
And little children hapten ye, — 
Come at the silver trumpet's call 
Swift unto our pageantry! 
Leave, maidens, and ye boys, 
The hurry of the day, and noise. 
Ply up with us Time's rushing stream 
To a still bank where ye may dream, — 
Dream, waking, of the days of old 
When ladies loyal, soldiers bold. 
Rough pioneers, and venturous saints 
Stifled the terrors and the plaints, 
And with high hearts and souls elate 
Built the strong walls of the State. 



13 



III. 

If deeds be coble, they have scope 
Beyond the doers' thought or hope. 
Not numbers make a people great 
But courage in the face of fate, 
And conscience, justice, and the love 
Of liberty all things above. 
This learn in looking on our show; 
This take with ye when hence ye go. 




14 





By VIOLET OAKLEY 

>T has been frequently said that a people indif- 
ferent to its own past can have no present worth 
speaking of, and deserves no future. 

It is the privilege of the Historical Pageant 
to heal this indifference, and in so doing to 
dignify its own present day and to inspire act- 
ion for a better future. 

For it is possible that the Pageant (by a series of pictures 
rather than stage-plays) should so dramatically present to the 
eye the story of local lore as to instruct with vivid and last- 
ingly beautiful impressions and to reveal the import and con- 
tinuity of events; to stimulate a desire for more intimate re- 
search and understanding, and above all to throw a brighter 
light upon the significance of the age in which we live, and the 
resistless power of the oncoming years. 

The story of Westchester County is in no small way the 
story of the making of a nation, so intimately is it connected 
with the history of our greatest city. In their logical unfolding 
the events reveal the same sequence of ideas that has gone 
to develop what is now known as the American type. 

In little, — upon the stage — is depicted the history of the 
country. Not one link in the chain is missing. 

The cycle of the seven Episodes in their order is designed 
to portray the forces most potent in the moulding of the nation- 
al character: — 



15 



The daring pioneers in exploration and settlement; those 
acute in commerce, or zealous for freedom of worship; the 
vigorous growth and sturdy independence of thought ; the fear- 
less resistance to injustice and intolerance of tyranny; the un- 
selfish and triumphant devotion in the testing times of war ; the 
rich fruitage of ability in statesmanship and literature in the 
healthful times of active peace, and the inheritance of untold 
possibilities for the generations still to come. 

To paraphrase a vindication of the romance inhering in 
American history — Though the picturesqueness of our 
Westchester County Pageant is not that of Winchester in 
England, or that of Oxford, it has a picturesqueness of its 
own which should be none the less impressive because it 
differs in kind, though not in degree, from that with which 
the visitor in England has become acquainted. It possesses 
its own individual light and shade and should reveal a 
dramatic force even greater than that of its forerunners. 



And thus in Pageantry does History 

"Smooth itself out, a long-cramp 'd scroll, 
Freshening and fluttering in the wind." 




16 





EPI50DE I 

1614-1639. 
SCENE FIRST. 





S THE FIRST SETTLEMENT WITHIN THE 
BORDERS OF WESTCHESTER COUNTY 
WAS MADE BY THE DUTCH, WE BEGIN 
THE STORY OF THE PAGEANT WITH A 
SCENE AT THE CITY OF THE HAGUE, 

TYPICAL OF THE CONDITIONS IN THE 

"far-famed commercial cities" of Holland at the beginning 
of the 17th Century. 

To promote the interest in the recent discoveries by Hudson, 
and other daring seekers of fortune, and to invite fresh en- 
deavor, the States-General at The Hague had issued a decree 
offering to grant to any person or persons who should dis- 
cover new lands a charter of exclusive privilege of trade 
therewith. 

To Adriaen Block, for whom Block Island was named, be- 
longed the undivided honor of having discovered Long Island 



17 



Sound, in his little ship "The Onrust" (the Restless) whick 
had been built during his first winter on Manhattan Island. 

A charter, bearing date October 11th, 1614, was accord- 
ingly granted to him, and a number of individuals associated 
with him, forming a business society entitled the Nieuw Neder- 
landt Company. 

SCENE SECOND. 

The New Netherland as first settled was as distinctly a 
place of refuge for persecuted religious sectarians as was New 
England. The little colony of Walloons, some thirty families 
in all, who landed at Manhattan Island from the ship "New 
Netherland," in the spring of 1632, were staunch Huguenots 
from the Belgic provinces who moved northward into Holland, 
and now had gladly seized an opportunity for freedom of 
worship, as well as to found homes for their families, in the 
countries of the New World. 

But the annals of the first civilized occupation of our 
county open about the year 1639, for during the first fifteen 
years after the beginning of colonization no attempt at settle- 
ment had been made north of the Harlem River. 

In 1639 the first recorded white resident in Westchester 
land, Jonas Bronck, a man of note and substance, purchased 
a farm from the Indian owners. He was not a native Hol- 
lander, being of Swedish extraction, but he had made his home 
in Amsterdam where he had married one Teuntje Slagboom. 
He was in very comfortable circumstances and was drawn to the 
New World to acquire and cultivate land, induced by the liberal 
offer of the States-General, in 1638, to persons of all nations 
not at war with the Netherlands. 

This broad and democratic plan of colonization was framed 
in order that the country might be settled by an agricultural 
population, in addition to the splendid but exclusive scheme 

18 



of a landed aristocracy instituted in the patroonships in 1629. 

Bronck sailed from Amsterdam in a ship of the West 
India Company, with his wife and family, farm hands and 
their families, domestic servants, cattle and miscellaneous 
household goods, and proceeded to find a tract of suitable 
farming land outside of Manhattan Island. 

He purchased from the native chiefs, Ranachqua and 
Tackamuck, 500 acres, "Ijring between the Great Kill and the 
Ahquahung" — the Harlem River and the little river since 
called by his name, the Bronx. 

To his estate he gave the Scriptural name of "Emmaus," 
and erected a substantial house (near the site of the present 
depot of Morrisania) of Holland brick covered with tiles, also 
bams, tobacco house and two bara:^cks. According to an 
inventory of his personal property his possessions included 
"pictures, a silver-mounted gun, silver cups, spoons, tankard 
and bowls, satin and grosgrain suits, fine linen, gloves, and a 
library of no less than 40 books." 

"Real interest attaches to the study of minute and homely beginnings 
— out of which great communities have grown. . . Events 

physically small may have large consequences. . . . Oftentimes 
indeed, there is an advantage in contemplating political and social 
phenomena on a small scale. The forces at work and the personalities 
of the actors seem to stand out more sharply and distinctly against 
the simple background." 



*From Fiske's "Dutch or Quaker Colonies." 




19 



EPISODE I -Scene First. 

By TUDOR JENKS 

THE DUTCH 

ADRIAEN BLOCK AT THE HAGUE, BEFORE MAURICE, 

PRINCE OF ORANGE, THE STADTHOLDER, 

AND THE STATES-GENERAL OF THE 

UNITED NETHERLANDS. 

(The States- General enter and 
take seats. Then enters Mau- 
rice, Prince of Orange, and as- 
sumes the chief place at the cen- 
ter of the table. As soon as he 
is seated a Crier commands 
silence. ) 

CRIER: In the name of the Free and Independent States 
of these United Netherlands, of Prince Maurice, the 
noble Stadtholder, and of the Honorable the States- 
General, I command all to keep silence, and I declare 
the Council of the States -General to be convened. 

PRINCE MAURICE : By virtue of the authority reposed in 
us, the representatives of the free and independent 
Dutch nation, I declare the Council open. Let any 
having business touching the affairs of the Common- 
wealth approach that they may be heard. 

FIRST COUNCILOR (Rising) : Our Prince, the Stadtholder, 
hath convened us here in special session upon due 
petition. It is known unto you all that the States - 
General, for reasons that do commend themselves as 
touching nearly the well-being of these States, did, 

21 



by proclamation, make known to all its decree re- 
garding trade beyond the Western ocean. Shall I 
my lords, call for it to be read? 

PRINCE MAURICE: Since the decree hath been widely 
known and promulgated throughout this nation, will 
it not be enough to make a brief statement of its 
effect? What say you, gentlemen? 

SECOND COUNCILOR: It is of record. It would seem 
enough to resume it in few words. 

FIRST COUNCILOR: The States-General, then, by the 
said decree and proclamation, did most generously 
offer unto all persons who should by skill and daring 
give to the world new lands, a charter securing ex- 
clusive rights of trade therewith. So ran the terms 
of the decree. 

PRINCE MAURICE: So it ran. And may it bear good 
fruit. Too long have Spanish fleets ranged far and 
wide throughout the world as if it were their sole 
province. 

SECOND COUNCILOR: We are at peace with Spain, my 

lord. 
PRINCE MAURICE: A sword-won peace. (To First 

Councilor.) Proceed. 

FIRST COUNCILOR: Spain had her navigators, bold 
to face perils of the sea, to seek new lands, to brave 
the savage tribes. And such have we. Under our 
flag sailed Heinrich Hudson far up the mighty river 
that now bears the name of our great Stadtholder. 
Following in his wake to where the broad Mauritius 
mingles with the sea, the goodly Dutch ships, the 
"Tiger" and the "Fortune," bore our flag again. And 
others followed these, till Patria's sons had won for 
her new realms beyond the sea. 

PRINCE MAURICE: Their fame is world-wide, and known 
throughout the land to every villager. You speak of 
Captain Block, of May, and Christiansen? 

99 



FIRST COUNCILOR: I do. And Captain Block comes 
now, to make report thereof. 

(Enter Adriaen Block with his train.) 

PRINCE MAURICE: Welcome, good Adriaen Block. 
Spokesmen for a grateful nation, we, in its name, de- 
clare you to have deserved well of the Republic. Who 
has not heard of that brave sailor who — when his 
good ship burned — laid hand to axe, became a ship- 
wright in a savage land, and in a new-built craft 
sought new- discovered lands ! Right well you named 
your little boat the "Restless" — for in your coun- 
try's cause you'll never rest! 

CAPTAIN BLOCK: Brave Maurice, Prince of Orange, and 
you, the High and Mighty Lords of our free States, 
for these good words I thank you. To sail my tiny 
craft took little skill. To guide the Ship of StatQ 
through stormy waters — is a feat worthy of the 
wisest, and worthily has it been performed. You 
are the admirals who, by humbling Spain, have 
opened all the seas to us poor mariners! 

PRINCE MAURICE (smiling) : Have we a courtier here 
from Neptune's realm? 

CAPTAIN BLOCK: Only a sailor, lords, but one who 's 
grateful for an unvexed sea. And who seeks other 
favors. 

PRINCP MAURICE : Your country owes you much. Speak 
on. 

CAPTAIN BLOCK: By your decree emboldened, a fleet of 
five good ships crossed the great ocean Westward. 
Some perils we have passed, but all came safe to 
port where the Mauritius flows through its broad 
bay. A strange company were we: the little "Fox," 
the "Nightingale," two "Fortunes," and my own lost 
ship, the "Tiger." The fleet was sent, you know, by 
merchants rich of Amsterdam and Hoorn, whose 
names are here. (Presenting papers.) 

23 



Then for the better prosecution of our enterprise 
we separated. What we have done our charts will 
show. The nature of the land we have reported. 
Here (turning to the Indian Boys) are two sons of a 
great chief who rules an Indian nation. As to the 
land, its riches are not for the tongue of such as I — 
but we bring furs such as the Russian merchants 
might view with envy. 

Here are the charts and proofs of our discoveries, 
and here in full, the stories of the voyage under the 
hands of us shipmasters. 

(Giving documents to the Prince, 

who with the other members of 

the Council examines them, as 

Block goes on.) 

And now, my lords, such are the claims we have 

to show. We pray that you will grant to us the right 

of trade you promised. 

PRINCE MAURICE: We thank you well. And when at 
more leisure, we have advised upon the matter, you 
shall receive in full the recompense you 've merited. 
Again we thank you — in the name of all our States, 
our much-loved Patria! 

(The States-General rise. Adriaen 
Block and the rest bow, and — the 
Prince leading — they march out.) 



24 



EPISODE I -Scene Second 

By TUDOR JENKS 

THE COMING OF JONAS BRONCK. 1639. 

(Enter the Indian Guide. He looks 
about him on all sides, and then 
seats himself, and smokes his 
pipe. Two more Indians enter, 
and he rises and makes signs that 
this is the place. They go out, 
and in a moment come back es- 
corting the Bronck party. 
First, two Indians. Then Bronck 
on horseback, his Wife on a pillion 
behind him. Then follow the rest 
of the Bronck party, and finally 
the two other Indians. The party 
settle down as if tired, and lay 
aside their bundles and so on. 
One of the servants lights a fire. 
The Indians, four or five, come 
forward and exchange a few 
words together — inaudibly. Then 
one — Tackamuck — speaks. ) 

TACKAMUCK (motioning) : Your land is here. 

BRONCK (looking about) : A goodly farm. (Turning to 
his wife.) See, Teuntje, see. Here is our home. 
And here our journey ends. 

WIFE: Then Heaven be thanked, for we may rest — 
though Amsterdam be far away! 



25 



BRONCK (comforting her) : New Amsterdam is near. 
And as that has grown from but an outpost in the 
wilderness, so some day it is my dream to see in this 
very spot (stamping his foot) a fitting home for you 
and the little ones. 

TACKAMUCK: What? The white man likes this? 

BRONCK: Yes, chief. Let us make our bargain here. 

(The Indian goes apart to talk to 

his own people.) 

WIFE (aside) : Jonas, can we trust these savage men? 

BRONCK: They will keep faith with us, if we with them. 

Have thou no fear. These acres broad to them are 

only hunting grounds. The land around is open, 

miles and miles. They value more the beads, the 

cloth, the kettles of bright brass, than all these fields 

and woods. Look to thy people, Teuntje. 

(Tackamuck and the other In- 
dians come forward and seat 
themselves around the fire. 
Bronck comes and sits with 
them. Then the Indian speaks.) 

TACKAMUCK : Brothers, we come to hold a talk as friends 
with the Sachem Bronck. 

RANACHQUA: Let the white man say what he will do. 

BRONCK: We have agreed, my friends. I am to have 
these lands and waters, for myself and my people, 
so long as winds shall blow or rain shall fall. You, 
the Sachems of your people, will be our friends, and 
we shall be yours forever. 

RANACHQUA: Our white friend speaks with a straight 
tongue. And he will pay us for the lands. 

BRONCK: As I have said. (Calls to a Servant.) Hugo! 
Bring here the goods. 

TACKAMUCK: No. We need not see them. What you 
say, we trust. We do as white men do, and make 

26 



our trade with marks that talk, for you ; and belts of 
beads for us. 

BRONCK: So let it be then, Chief. (Draws out a scroll.) 
Here are the lands set down by marks and bounds, 
five hundred acres full, between the great Kill and 
the Ahquahung. All this shall be Bronck's farm, 
when payment true is made. 

RANACHQUA: Good. Why have long talk when men say 
true? We put our marks and go. 

THE INDIANS: Good; good! 

BRONCK: Well, let us make the deed. (He places it on 
a chest brought by Hugo, the servant, and signs his 
name with a quill pen. ) Now, Tackamuck. 

TACKAMUCK (takes the pen) : I mark with snake (does 
so), my Indian sign. And (proudly) make a cross 
like white man, too. 

RANACHQUA: Here is the beaver mark. (Makes it.) 

BRONCK: 'T is done. And now, in honest faith, and prom- 
ise of long peace, here is my hand. 

(He shakes hands with each of 
the Chiefs, who, without further 
talk, receive the goods in payment 
offered, handed them by Hugo and 
others, and walk out.) 

BRONCK (calling his people about him) : Come Teuntje; 
come, my children, and all ye, my good friends, who 
have with me traveled so many weary miles by sea 
and land to make here a new home. 

This day sees the ending of our long journey — 
the beginning of our new life in the New Netherlands. 
Like a prophet of old, I see the homes of ourselves 
and of our children — I see herds of cattle, flocks of 
sheep, fields of grain — such a vision of the Promised 
Land as was prepared for the blessing of the Patri- 
archs of old. 

27 



And as a sign of the conviction that the Lord hath 
been with us on our long journey — the name of my 
homestead shall be "Emmaus." 

Let us prepare our shelter, and seek the blessing 
promised to the man "not slothful in business, serv- 
ing the Lord." 

(Exeunt, Bronck and his Wife 
leading the v/ay. ) 




28 





1643-1644. 

MONG THE ENGLISH SETTLERS WHO 
NOW BEGAN TO ARRIVE ALONG THE 
SHORES OF THE SOUND, PUSHING 
INTO WESTCHESTER LANDS FROM 
THE CONNECTICUT COLONIES, FIRST 
IN POINT OF TIME AND IN PATHETIC 
prominence, stands the strong and fearless figure of a 
noble woman, Mistress Anne Hutchinson, for whose cruel 
fate her slayers found meted out to them their reward, 
full, pressed down, and running over, in the person of one 
of her loyal disciples, who, with picturesque justice, be- 
came her avenger, the celebrated Indian fighter. Captain 
John Underbill. 

A lasting interest attaches to the story of this won- 
derful woman, for she was among the foremost charac- 
ters of her time. Of excellent birth and connections, with 
high and noble aims, she held the things of this world in 
positive contempt, and was a religious enthusiast, of large 
practical philanthropy, fearless and independent in the 
advocacy of her own deep spiritual convictions. 



29 



In 1636 she came to Massachusetts Bay from Eng- 
land with her husband and children, and as a result of her 
teachings and mode of life, a religious revival swept over 
the colony. Desiring not to offend the custom of the church 
she confined her spiritual instructions to the women, hold- 
ing weekly meetings in her house as a consequence of the 
fervent thirst aroused by the presence in their midst of 
her own abundant supply of inspiration. 

Although she declined to address the men, some of the 
principal personages visited her and came under her in- 
tellectual influence. Among them were the young Gov- 
ernor, Sir Harry Vane, John Cotton, the wealthy Codding- 
ton, and Captain John Underbill. 

But the envious displeasure of the rigid element of the 
community was aroused by the independence of her opin- 
ions. Instead of spiritual refreshment and enthusiasm, 
they sought and found only points of difference in doc- 
trine, so nice and finely drawn as to be scarcely repre- 
sented in words. The power of the church was soon felt, 
and the first synod was held in America, in August, 1637, 
"to determine the true doctrines of the church and to 
denounce the errors of the Hutchinsonians." Governor 
Vane had been deposed, and in his stead was elected 
Winthrop — "an unrelenting opponent of all innovations." 

Anne was publicly tried at Cambridge in November, 
but "she was allowed no counsel; no friend stood by her 
side; her accusers were also her judges." She was con- 
demned by a unanimous vote, banished from the colony 
and excommunicated. 

The family removed to Rhode Island, and after the 
death of her husband there, in 1642, still pursued by the 
threats and curses of the church, Anne resolved to seek 
another home, "in the wilderness" — beyond the limits 
of New England — and having been granted permission by 
the Dutch to settle within the borders of their "Vrede- 
land" (Land of Freedom or Peace) she came to the dis- 
trict now known as Pelham. By the shore of the river, 

30 



since called by her name, she founded a little colony, 
consisting of her own younger children, and a few con- 
genial spirits. 

But by September of the following year the whole 
settlement was swept to destruction ; every member being 
put to death by the Indians, with the single exception of a 
nine year old daughter of Mrs. Hutchinson, who was borne 
away into captivity. Anne herself perished in the flames 
of her little cottage. 

History tells us that in the morning an Indian came to 
ihe defenseless and trusting little colony, and professing 
friendship, discovered the entirely unprotected condition 
of the small band. In the evening he returned leading a 
small body of warriors to the attack. 

According to tradition, the Indian chief's name was 
Wampage. He, following a custom among savages, sub- 
sequently called himself "Ann-Hoock," for a warrior fre- 
quently assumed the name of his chief victim. The name 
"Ann-Hoock" becomes familiar in transactions of impor- 
tance in the later history of the count5^ 

Captain John Underbill, an eminently skilled and ac- 
complished soldier, is a unique and picturesque figure in 
colonial history. Espousing the religious doctrines and 
the personal cause of Anne Hutchinson, he suffered perse- 
cution with the other Hutchinsonians, and a few months 
after his triumphant return from the Pequod War in 1637 
he was disfranchised and forced to leave Massachusetts, 
and later accepted a commission from the Dutch, in their 
wars with the Indians. 

His associations during his brief residence in Massa- 
chusetts were not with the grave representative men of 
the sedate and sombre order, but with the ardent and 
spirited natures "whose presence was felt as a grievous 
burden upon the theocratic State." He was cordially 
hated by those who obtained his expulsion from the Puri- 
tan Colony, and their scorn he as cordially returned. But 
by his daring and skill the new settlements were delivered 

31 



from a state of anarchy, into which they had fallen, as the 
result of the awful conflicts with the Indians — a struggle 
springing from the mutual fear which, as always, was at 
the root of the selfishness and grasping greed, and which 
terminated in the almost utter extermination of the in- 
tellectually weaker race, instead of its instruction and en- 
lightenment. 

Not far from the present village of Bedford occurred 
in 1644 the bloodiest battle ever fought within the bor- 
ders of our county — the massacre of the entire Indian 
village "Nanichiestawack," meaning "a place of safety" 
or palisaded enclosure. 

"Captain Underbill, seeing no way to overcome the 
obstinate resistance of his foes, gave orders to fire their 
huts * * * yet throughout the entire carnage not 
one of the sufferers, man, woman or child, was heard to 
utter a shriek or moan." 

Thus did John Underbill settle the account, and for the 
murder of Anne several hundred Indians were slain. 



"The important mental tragedy of a gifted woman. . . . Anne 
Hutchinson had so delicate a spiritual organization that the future 
world was ever more real to her than the present. — A constant sense of 
the presence of the Diety made her indifferent to the praise or blame of 
men. . . . She lived in the Universe rather than in the world. 
. . . Feared at home, the Church was terrible even in Plymouth 
Colony, and in the distant plantations of Rhode Island; it haunted poor 
Anne beyond the limits of the English pale. Nor do I remember in 
history a more perfect theocracy than the new government of Massa- 
chusetts Bay in the 17th Century. The Puritan priest possessed a 
power not surpassed by the Etruscan diviners, or the Roman Pontifix, 
and far greater than has ever been claimed by the oracles of Delphi and 
of Cumae. But it should never be forgotten as one of the chief 
glories of the New England metropolis that it contended almost at its 
very birth for that freedom of speech and thought which at last it so 
painfully attained. 

"The Bloody Tenant" tho' prevailing for many years has at length 
given place to a liberality almost unequalled among nations, and 
Boston has become the center of political and religious freedom. The 
spirit of Roger Williams, Sir Harry Vane, and Anne Hutchinson rules 
over modern New England." 



*From account of Anne Hutchinson, by Eisene Lawreaoe, Esq., la tUo Historioa.1 
Migrazino. 1867. 

32 



l. ^ ^■ ^^ t. ^ l. M . ^^u/ J. ' J. ^ ^JL ^ ,^. ^ l■ ^^^l . ^^ ■ ^t , ^l AJAtA^/J■^J.l^A^^.l.»J■^MJJJJJJ.lJ.lJ.^^lJJJJJlJJ. l . l . l . ^ . l . lT^^ 




■3 VV IA« VV VV ini VV tfV hTV VV V>l tfU WV'IAI VV ini VV VV ini lAI tAI tfU Ml tfVUU tfW kAI 



mw.-T!'r?r.ii-.-i-.-iviivivivtvr.-ii..'iivivi!vy,»i'/f 



EPISODE ll-Scene First. 

By VIOLET OAKLET 

THE ENGLISH 

ANNE HUTCHINSON 

PLACE: The "Vredeland," Anne Hutchinson's colony, on 
the banks of the Hutchinson River, near the Sound 
and Hell- Gate. 

TIME: Early mornings in September, 1643. 

PERSONS REPRESENTED: 

Anne Marbury Hutchinson 

Faith Collins (her daughter) 

Robert Collins (her son-in-law) 

Their two little children, Edward and Easter 

Francis Hutchinson] 

Samuel *' j 

Anne " }- Anne's other children 

Mary ** | 

William " | 

Susanna " j 

Two friends 

Three servants 

Wampage and other Indians 

(Enter Robert Collins, R, carry- 
ing a gun and bag of game ; Fran- 
cis Hutchinson, L, with fishing-rod 
and basket. He is singing lustily 
the Twenty-third Psalm.) 



f?8 



ROBERT COLLINS: God's blessing this early morning, 
brother. What luck have you today? Aha! I see 
you are laden with a miraculous draught of fishes. 

FRANCIS HUTCmNSON: Yea, verily. God doth feed vlb 
poor wanderers in this Wilderness, and maketh us 
to lie down in green pastures — howbeit the waters 
where he hath led us be not "still." While out in 
my boat this morning I was well-nigh borne by the 
current into the jaws of Hell- Gate itself. 

ROBERT COLLINS: 'T is like, indeed. Ofttimes those 
seething, angry waters have seemed but the expres- 
sion of hate and hungry malice, which we saw upon 
the faces of thy Mother's accusers, as they cast her 
forth "to Satan!" — May God melt their stony hearts! 

(He sits down, and begins clean- 
ing his gun; sings: 
"Yea, though I walk through the 
Valley of the Shadow of Death, I 
will fear no evil." 

FRANCIS HUTCHINSON: "Thy rod, and Thy staff they 
comfort me." 

(Enter a young girl, with wild 
berries in her basket and in her 
hand a branch of wild grape. She 
joins in the singing) 
"Thou preparest a table before me.... in the 
presence of .... mine .... enemies!" 

(She breaks off suddenly and 
bursts into tears) 

ROBERT COLLINS: (trying to comfort her) How now, 
Sister Mary! Why down-hearted this bright morn- 
ing? "Put all sadness far from thee." Come, come. 
Show us what you have gathered for our breakfast. 

MARY: Ah, sir, but last night I had an evil dream, and 
since ever I awoke a cloud has been hanging over 
my heart — I fear — I know not what! 

34 



ROBERT COLLINS: Foolish and superstitious stiU! not 
to have shaken oflF with the dust of New England 
their fears of evil omens and dreams. Ugh! I feel 
the stifling ways of Boston in this weakness! An 
evil dream has no power in such sunlight and free- 
dom as God gives us in this blessed "Vredeland." 
MARY: I know 't is foolish. But, ah, the wolves did howl 
so in the night, and I awoke with the old moon leer- 
ing at me through a chink in the wall. 
FRANCIS HUTCHINSON: For shame, Mary! Remember 
our own Mother's words, how God had spoken in her 
soul: "I am the same God that delivered Daniel out 
of the lion's den. I will also deliver thee." 

(Anne Hutchinson is seen draw- 
ing near, deep in meditation, a 
Bible clasped in her hands. The 
others slip quietly off L., as she 
enters R. She seats herself upon 
a rock, and she speaks, with eyes 
closed:) 

ANNE : Lord and Master beloved, that I may lead and feed 
Thy sheep this day let me hear Thy word behind me 
saying, "This is the Way; walk ye in it." And make 
me to be the victor over all fear and apprehension. 

(She pauses — then in a deeper 
tone, as though repeating a mes- 
sage) 
"Look not at the things which are seen .... for the 
things which are not seen .... which are not seen 
— are Eternal." .... Though an host should en- 
camp against me, my heart shall not fear "for 

the things which are seen are temporal" .... "In 
the time of trouble He shall hide me in His pavilion, 
... in the secret of His tabernacle shall He hide me" 
.... "The things which are not seen are Eternal" 
.... "For behold, I have made thee this day a de- 
fenced city, and an iron pillar and brazen walls 

35 



against the whole land" .... "Look at the things . . 
. . which are not seen." 

(She opens l^er eyes suddenly, 
and springing to her feet with 
arms upstretched, cries in a loud 
voice : ) 
Stay, Lord! Leave me not until this fear be over- 
come, which yet besets me! Pull me out of the net, 
— for Thou art my strength. — "Be not afraid of sud- 
den fear — nor for the destruction of the wicked when 
it Cometh." Lord, Thou hast spoken — I believe! 
Thou has unsealed the oracle, — Thine "invisible 
things" are clearly seen! "Be not afraid of fear" — 
He that believeth shall never see Death — for we look 
not at the things which are seen! 

(She turns and calls to the others, 
who come down from the log huts 
in the distance, bearing the morn- 
ing meal, in baskets and on tren- 
ches, which they spread upon a 
large flat stone. The men are all 
armed, and while preparations for 
the breakfast are being made, 
Robert Collins draws Joseph 
Smith to one side) 
COLLINS : Any further news, Joseph, from John Throck- 
morton? 
SMITH: Yes, sir; only last night, when out looking after 
some of our traps, I met one of his men, who told me 
that both Mr. Throckmorton and Mr. Cornell had 
gone to Fort Amsterdam. 
COLLINS: To Port Amsterdam! And why again so soon? 
SMITH: They heard a report of the capture of two boats, 
by the Indians, on the way down the great river from 
Fort Orange, but the rumor was afterward denied . . 
COLLINS: Surely, 't is but a false report — made up by 
some of Governor Kieft's own party, ever thirsting 

36 



for an excuse for a fight! Why, since the Peace of 

April last, the red men have been as lambs 

SMITH: So they have seemed; but Throckmorton is to 
ask the Governor for a small detachment of Dutch 
soldiers as a protection for these lonely farms of 
ours. 

(Anne Hutchinson has been 
watching them closely, and as 
they turn and approach the others, 
she calls to them.) 

ANNE: What is this about John Throckmorton? He has 
gone again to the Island? 

COLLINS: Yes, Mother, to have further confirmation of 
the grant. And, God willing, we shall have our own 
signed and sealed before many days now! 

ANNE: And yet without any signed deeds but God's 
own word, for one full year have we enjoyed our lib- 
erties in this Land of Peace, unmolested — and free 
at last from the burning breath of curses — and the 
tracks of lurking spies ! 

(They all seat themselves upon 
the ground, and the food is passed 
about. ) 

ANNE: Children, have ye all meat and bread? 

(While the others are eating and 
talking happily together, Susanna 
runs about, gathering flowers and 
singing to herself. Unobserved, 
an Indian is seen lurking near the 
log cabins and peering through the 
trees above. He suddenly de- 
scends, and approaches boldly 
with friendly gestures. The little 
girl runs toward him with ^er 
flowers outstretched. She takes 
him by the hand and together they 

37 



approach the group. Several rise 

and greet him kindly, and Anne 

offers him food and drink. He is 

seated in a place of honor beside 

her. She turns to her son-in-lawr 

and says:) 

ANNE: The freedom and hospitality we ask we must 

also freely give — else are we no better than the 

tyrants of both Old and New England. 

(Susanna, who is never still, 
comes running toward her with 
a letter which she has found in the 
trunk of a tree near by. Anne 
looks at it, dazed for a moment. 
The others all start to their feet 
and Collins attempts to snatch the 
paper from her. She motions 
them all away, and cries : ) 
'Tis nothing! 'Tis but the Curse again! the power- 
less curse of the enemies of Grace ! Alas ! even here 
"hast thou found me, oh mine enemy?" 

(She tears it up after a mere 

glance and scatters it to the 

wind. ) 

"The people of Thy holiness have possessed the land 

but a little while; our adversaries have trodden 

down Thy sanctuary! . . . ." 

(Turning to the others who have 
watched her in sorrowful silence) 
Weep not for me, but come, the day advances — and 
we should already each one be about our daily busi- 
ness. 

(They go out slowly. The Indian, 
Wampage, lingers, and taking a 
beautiful chain from his own neck 
he places it over little Susanna's 
head, and with gestures and signs 

38 



of friendship and gratitude for the 
hospitality with which he has been 
received, he leaves. Anne and the 
little girl are the last to return to 
the log cabin on the hill They go 
out singing a hymn. ) 



PART II. 

(The day is over, and night has 
fallen. Stealthily the Indians ap- 
proach, led by Wampage. They 
cross the green, and make a sud- 
den rush upon the cabins. With 
yells they fall upon a figure which 
emerges from the door of Anne's 
little cottage, and soon smoke and 
flames envelope the settlement. 
Their work is quickly over and 
they return, Wampage carrying 
in his arms the little Susanna, 
screaming in piteous terror and 
distress. They disappear, and the 
cries die out in the distance. 
All is silent. 

Then very soft and low is heard 
the music of a hymn of triumph. ) 



^9 



EPISODE II— Scene Second. 

By VIOLBT OAKLEY 

CAPTAIN JOHN UNDERHILL 



SCENE: One day's march south of the Indian village of 
Nanichiestawack (near the present town of Bed- 
ford). 



TIME: February, 1644. Daybreak. 

PERSONS REPRESENTED : 
Captain John Underbill 
Director- General Kieft 
Heindrich Van Dyke 
Sergeant Peter Cock 
Company of Dutch soldiers 
English volunteers 
Two guides 

(Enter Captain Underbill, Direc- 
tor-General Kieft, and the rest of 
the party. ) 
KIEFT: Here. This is the place where Smitz was to 
meet you — with the latest information 

UNDERHILL: Good — and now farewell. 'T is time that 
you return to your clamoring people within Fort Am- 
sterdam's safe and warm interior. 

KIEFT: But this is a country where e'en a dare-devil like 
yourself may be lost if the guides fail to keep the 
tryst. Belike they are now lying in the bloody snow, 
full of arrows. 



41 



UNDERHILL: Tut! tut! We're all ready for risks — ^if 
one has gone the other has escaped their aim. But 
your excellency will not escape the mutiny within 
the Fort if you return not speedily with news that 
you have started us safely on the last day's march. 

(Kieft and his escort turn to go. 
Underhill calls after him.) 

UNDERHILL: Stay! Tell them that the lean New Eng- 
landers will look to 't that their round rosy cheeks be 
neither pinched with hunger, nor blanched with fear 
again — for this night shall see Anne Hutchinson 
avenged. 

(Exeunt Kieft and Escort.) 
VAN DYKE: Hist! 'T was scarce six months since, there 
to the west of us — that she was 

UNDERHILL: Murdered — by the hate of hypocrites and 
the envy of Puritan priests ! 

VAN DYKE: By Indians, man! How say you "priests"? 

UNDERHILL : 'T is not yet that the potency of witchcraft 
and curses has been imported into the Nieuw Neder- 
landt. Ha! Ha! only wait — 't will come soon enough. 
Oh, marvelous things we learn up in Massachusetts 
Bay! 

(Enter two guides, forespent.) 

FIRST GUIDE: Your servant. Captain — we're late — but 
the snow lies deep upon the valley — and we must 
travel under cover of night when 'tis possible. 

UNDERHILL: And what's news? (Aside to a soldier) 
Here — bring food and drink. They faint else. 

FIRST GUIDE: The report was true. The red men are as- 
sembled full seven hundred strong in their village of 
Nanichiestawack. 

UNDERHILL : And the distance ? 

FIRST GUIDE: An all day's march — in weather like this 
— on to the northwest of us. 



42 



UNDERHILL : 'T will be by midnight— and by the moon's 
help that we shall find them. Have you a plan of 
their stronghold? 

SECOND GUIDE: 'Tis here, sir — from the old Indian 
guide without whose help we should not have been 
here to tell our story. 

(Spreads out rough map. Under- 
bill and Van Dyke study it care- 
fully. ) 

UNDERHILL: Hum-m! Three rows of huts, ranged as 
streets — about eighty paces long. A trap if we 
should try to enter. 'T is like we shall have to burn 
the place — and while they sleep, if we are fortunate 
in surprising them. 

(Rolls up map and turns to the 
English soldiers.) 
Lads, be strong to-night and remember the Lady 
Anne. Have no mercy, as they had none. A butch- 
er's business — I have no stomach for't meself — yet 
we have God's own command. (Turning to the 
Dutch) But if ye obey not the voice of the Lord this 
night, He shall rend the kingdom out of thy hand, and 
give it to thy neighbors ! 

Spare not! Behold, the heathen shall be as stubble 
— they shall not be able to deliver themselves from 
the power of the flame. "And I will cut off witch- 
craft out of the land." 

VAN DYKE: All's ready, sir. 

UNDERHILL (aside) : The day of the Lord's vengeance 
shall come as a thief in the night — as they came 
upon her ! 

Forward! March! In scarlet upon the white snow 
will we write her story ! 

Exeunt. 



43 



/ 




EPISODE 
III 






^Jl^g^/^^^J^h ore A c^m e>2 1 




ADRIAEN 



ep: — <P «i ^\\ 




1 



1646-1655 

VANDER DONCK AND THE FOUNDING 
OF THE PATROONSHIP OF 
"COLEN DONCK" 
Styled "DER JONKHEER'S LAND". 

HE FIRST OF THE GREAT LANDED ES- 
TATES WHICH, DURING THE SEVEN- 
TEENTH CENTURY, WERE PARCELED 
OUT IN THIS SECTION TO GENTLEMEN 
OF BIRTH AND SUBSTANCE, AND THE 
ONLY PATROONSHIP EVER ERECTED 
in Westchester County under the "Freedoms and Exemp- 
tions" of the privileged West India Company was given to 
Adriaen Vander Donck in 1646. The tract extended from 
Spuyten Duyvil northward along the Hudson to a little 
stream called by the natives, "Amachassin," and inland to 
the Bronck's River. It soon became familiarly known as 
"Der Jonkheer's Land," or the Estate of the Young Lord. 
Adriaen Vander Donck was a gentleman by birth, a native 
of Breda, Holland, a graduate of the University of Leyden, 
and had studied and practiced law. In 1641 he accom- 
panied Kiliaen Van Rensselaer to New Netherland, and 
was made Sheriff of the Patroonship of Rensselaerwyck. 
Having lent money to Director- General Kieft of Fort 
Amsterdam for the purchase of gifts to the Indians at the 



45 



Treaty of Peace in 1645, when his official connection with 
Rensselaerwyck terminated, on the death of the patroon 
he secured the prompt bestowal of the landed rights in a 
patroonship of his own, and styled his extensive territory, 
"COLEN DONCK. " 

To the taming and cultivation of his wild but magnifi- 
cent estate he gave quite a portion of his attention laying 
out a farm or plantation, and in 1649 building a saw mill 
at the mouth of the Nepperhan, or Saw Mill River. 

This Indian name of "Nepperhan," according to some 
authorities, signified "the rapid fiowing waters"; but ac- 
cording to others, "a trap, a snare, or gin." 

As Adriaen Vander Donck was a man of great promi- 
nence in Fort Amsterdam, being its earliest lawyer, he 
soon became occupied with its affairs, and was elected a 
member of the Advisory Council, known as "The Nine 
Men," and chosen by popular vote. In his stand against 
what he considered the tjrrannical conduct of the new 
Director- General, Peter Stuyvesant, and in behalf of "The 
Nine Men," he was dispatched to Holland by the Common- 
alty to lay the matter of their abuses before the States - 
General. He was detained there four years, and while not 
successful in all that he had hoped to accomplish, yet it is 
to the efforts of Vander Donck that the first municipal or- 
ganization of what is now the City of New York can be 
directly traced. An Act was passed separating the local 
functions of the principal settlement on Manhattan Island 
from the general affairs of the province ; and Fort Amster- 
dam became an incorporated Dutch city with the name of 
New Amsterdam. 



46 



M . ^1 . ^^ . ^^M . ^ l J J /JA^ . M . ^l [. TJ/ J, ^lAlA^ . ^I7T1 TUT . rmx l J. ^ J Jx ^ JX I JJJ .l■l.^^JJJJM 




rl^1Yr i lYr t T t TrrnTr f»'"'i'''''''''''' i''''''^''''''vw<'iM%'r.'P.'r. T s^ ' ri ' i ' i ' : ' nnvr.nvivw 



EPISODE Ill-Scene First 

By MRS. HENRY TUCK 

THE FOUNDING OF THE PATROONSHIP OF COLEN 
DONCK, (YONKERS) "DER JONKHEER'S LAND". 

SCENE: A Woodland. 
TIME: 1646. 

PERSONS REPRESENTED: 

Adriaen Vander Donck, and his Wife 

Albert Elbertsen 

Govert Loockermans 

Hendricksen Kip 

Jacob Noorlander 

Oloff Van Pelt 

Jan Block 

Elbert Jansen, and their Wives 

(Enter a group of six men talking 
earnestly, followed by three 
women knitting, who sit on a 
fallen tree.) 
JACOB NOORLANDER: By the sun, noon must be near; 

yet Der Jonkheer comes not. 

(Enters, left, followed by Wife, 
who joins the women. ) 
OLOPF VAN PELT: Good-day, friends; pray lend me a 

hand. There will be need of a table and seats for 

Der Jonkheer and his honorable company. 

(Several men exit, left, with Van 
Pelt, and return with a table and 



47 



four chairs, which they place, 
center. ) 
ELBERT JANSEN: (looking off, left.) Hark! hear ye 

not the brush breaking 'neath horses' feet? 
JAN BLOCK: I not only hear, but see them coming from 
the forest. 

(Women rise, and look off left, 
excitedly — noise of riders and 
halloes — men cheer, and run to 
catch and hold the bridle-reins, 
as Adriaen Vander Donck, Albert 
Elbertson, Govert Loockermans, 
and Hendricksen Kip ride on, left 
to center. They dismount, and 
horses are tied to trees, right. 
Women curtsey.) 
VANDER DONCK: Greetings, friends, and good tidings. 

At last there 's news worth the bringing. 
NOORLANDER: Are there guns, Jonkheer? That is 

what we need! 
VAN PELT: Aye, and ploughs also. 
JANSEN : And men I We cannot hold this wilderness with 

but a handful. 
BLOCK: No, by Heaven, we cannot, against armed 

savages ! 
NOORLANDER: Knowest thou a man may not leave his 
home, without his women and children, for fear to 
find but smoking ashes on his return? 
VANDER DONCK: Peace — peace, good people! Let me 

have speech. 
ALL: Let us have guns! 

NOORLANDER: Farming instruments, and colonists! 
JANSEN: And the protection thou promised, when thou 

broughtest us to settle this land for thee. 
ELBERTSEN: Jansen, the protection will be given, 
NOORLANDER : Of what good will it be when our homes 
are ashes, and our scalps hang at the savages' belts? 

48 



VAN PELT: Fatherland has forgotten ns. Where are 

the guns she was to give us? 
VANDER DONCK: They were sent to the West India 

Company. 
BLOCK: Then in God's name, why are we defenceless? 
LOOCKERMANS : 'T is another wrong added to the many 

heaped upon us. Stuyvesant has sold them to the 
Indians. 

NOORLANDER: This is how they got their fire-arms! 

KIP: Aye, for land-grants to swell the holdings for Stuy- 
vesant and his near friends in the West India Com- 
pany! 

JANSEN: Which only proves how helpless is our situa- 
tion. The Agents of the Fatherland rob us on one 
side — the Indians massacre on the other. 

VANDER DONCK: There is truth in thy words; yet 
there is peace and prosperity ahead. 

ALL (sullenly) : Where, in God's name? Show it us! 

VANDER DONCK: The people, weary of the wrongs 
heaped on them by the West India Company, have 
chosen me one of three, to place the tyranny of 
Peter Stu3rvesant before the States -General. 

KIP: He sails at once — the ship that brings him back 
will be weighted down with colonists to make Colen 
Donck a Garden of plenty for the Netherlands. 

NOORLANDER: How can so few hold out against armed 
savages till thy return? 

VANDER DONCK: The savages will keep the peace. 
My money bought the gifts that ended the cruel un- 
necessary war against them. They know I stand 
for justice. 

JANSEN: What assurance have you, that they will not 
make war upon us the day you sail away? 

VANDER DONCK: Gramatan's word. Behold he comes 
to smoke the pipe of peace. 

(Enter, right, Gramatan and two 

49 



Indians. They stand right of 
table.) 

VANDEK DONCK: Welcome, great Chief. These are my 
people that I would have thee guard till my return. 

(Opens box, and gives gifts of 
tobacco and beads to Indians.) 

VANDER DONCK : Come up, friends, and smoke the pipe 
of peace. 

(They sit in circle — pipe is 
passed — and they smoke in 
silence. Indians, R. Gentlemen 
C. Settlers, L.) 

VANDER DONCK: Gramatan, of my word and friendli- 
ness thou hast had proof. I go to place thy wrongs 
and ours before their High Mightinesses. My people 
hold the land for me; grant them thy protection. 

GRAMATAN: Until they make war against my people. 

VANDER DONCK: 'T is fairly said. Until that time they 
are thy brothers. Men, be of good cheer. The dawn 
has long been breaking, but the sun will now shine 
forth on rich pastures where sleek cattle graze. Thy 
women will plant flowers to deck your homes. And 
there will be a rich harvest for all who toil. 

NOORLANDER: God grant thy hopes be realized, Jonk- 
heer. 

VANDER DONCK : They will be. And to that end a Book 
I've writ, and dedicated, "To the Illustrious, Most 

Wise and Prudent Lords of the Far-Famed City of 

Amsterdam" — listen: (Reads.) 
"Why mourn about Brazil, full of base Portuguese? 
When Vander Donck shows so much better fare ; 
Where wheat fills golden ears, and grapes abound in 

trees; 
Where fruit and kine are good with very little care; 
Men may mourn a loss, when vain would be their voice, 
But when their loss brings gain, they also may rejoice. 

50 



Then, Reader, if you will go freely there to live, 
We name it Netherland, though this excels it far, 

If you dislike the voyage, pray due attention give i 

To Vander Donck his book, which, as a leading star ] 

Directs toward the land where many people are, \ 

Where Lowland love and laws, all may freely share." 

BLOCK: 'T is fine, — 'twill move all hearts, Jonkheer. j 

(AU cheer.) i 

VAN PELT: Much talking is dry work, Jonkheer. Go 

set the pewter out. The cup shall seal our brother- ] 

hood. 1 

(Women run off, right, Gentlemen 
follow. Then Indians. Then 
settlers leading the horses.) i 




51 




EPISODE Ill-Scene Second. 

ENCROACHMENT OF PURITANS FROM THE 
CONNECTICUT SETTLEMENTS 




HOMAS PELL, TO WHOM IS DUE THE 
FOUNDATION OF THE FIRST PERMA- 
NENT SETTLEMENT IN WESTCHES- 
TER COUNTY, WAS BORN ABOUT 1608 
IN SUSSEX, ENGLAND, OF ARISTO- 
CRATIC AND DISTINGUISHED DE- 
scent, tracing his ancestry to the Pell Family of Lincoln- 
shire. His father, the Rev. John Pell, married Mary 
Holland, a lady of royal blood, and Thomas was their eldest 
son. When a young man he was Gentleman of the Bed- 
chamber to Charles I. In 1630, with Roger Ludlow, he 
settled in Dorchester, Massachusetts, and later removed 
to Connecticut, where in 1635 he commenced with others 
the plantations at Fairfield. 

(NOTE. According to Fiske, 
many came from Massachusetts, 
"finding the rule of the Theocracy 
oppressive" — "an uncomfortable 
place for freethinkers." 
"Knickerbocker" in his history 
of New York speaks of "the aug- 
mented audacity of the moss- 
troopers of Connecticut — pushing 
their encroachments farther and 



53 



farther into the territories of their 
High Mightinesses, so that even 
the inhabitants of New Amster- 
dam began to draw short breath 
and to find themselves exceeding- 
ly cramped for elbow room.") 
In 1654, Thomas Pell bought from the Indian Sachems 
Naminepoe and "Ann Hoock" — "all that tract called 
Westchester, bounded East by the brooks called Cedar 
Tree or Gravelly Brook, and extending Northward about 
eight miles, and Westward to Bronck's River, and South- 
ward to the Sound." 

This is the earliest legal record of the application of 
the name Westchester to any section of our county, and 
it was so called by these settlers from Connecticut. 

In purchasing this Westchester land. Pell was prob- 
ably acting in a private capacity, and regarded his pur- 
chase as a speculation. The erection of Pelham Manor 
by royal patent dated from 1666, with Thomas Pell as its 
first Lord, though he does not appear to have made his 
residence there. He died in 1669 and his property was 
left to his nephew, John Pell, who made Pelham Manor 
his home, entering into the proprietorship in 1670. He 
married Rachel, daughter of Philip Pinckney, one of the 
ten proprietors of Eastchester. 

The bounds of Thomas Pell's original purchase over- 
lapped the old Dutch "Vredeland," and encroached also on 
former grants to Throckmorton and Cornell. 

This land included besides Westchester township 
proper the townships of Eastchester, Pelham and New 
Rochelle; but the original settlement was made as far 
westward as possible into the disputed territory. 

The early English Pioneers who had begun to settle 
there prior to Pell's purchase made no false pretenses, and 
sought no favors from the Dutch. One of their first acts 
was to nail to a tree the arms of the Commonwealth of 
England. 

(See Scharf's History, and also Bolton's) 

54 



H.!J . M.^^^t.^ ^JJ ■^ ^ . ^JJ . ^l ■ !J . !JAl ■ ^ L ^ , ^ lI.MJJA^^^^^^ ^uAlAl■^l.^l■ ^lJJ■MJJAlAIATx^^ 





C:^vr.uvp. w ^ Y^ ^ ' I Yr i Tfr^ ''^'f^'^''^''V''^'''"'fy^l^;^r.■^^i^l^iW l^^r.^l^^^^^ ^?T^^ 



EPISODE Ill-Scene Second. 

By MRS. HENRY TUCK 

THOMAS PELL'S GRANT 
THE FOUNDING OF WESTCHESTER TOWN 

SCENE: Part of Pell's Purchase. 
TIME: April, 1655. 

PERSONS REPRESENTED: 

John Stevens 

James Osgood 

Peter Ford 

Thomas Grant 

Mistress Stevens 
" Osgood 

Goody Jones 

Colonists, men and women, and three children 

Dutchmen 

(John Stevens and James Osgood 
enter, left.) 
JOHN STEVENS: 'T was a stirring discourse Mr. Baly 

gave yesterday. 
OSGOOD: Aye, that it was. It made the blood run hot! 
STEVENS: (looking off, left.) Here's Goody Jones. 

She 's much disturbed by the sharp reminders of fe- 
male vanity. 

(Enter, left. Goody Jones, Stev- 
ens, Osgood.) 
GOODY JONES: Good-day to thee, John Stevens! So 

women may not wear hats to open meeting without 

being accused of vanity! Get thy lord and master, 

Thomas Pell, who brought us here, to build a shelter 

where we may worship! 



55 



^'f STEVENS: Have patience, Goody. Mr. Baly's words 

were not meant for thee alone. 
I MISTRESS OSGOOD: Nay, thine was not the only head- 

covering to offend the Dominie. 

(Enter two men, right, running 

and in great excitement. ) 

PETER FORD : To arms ! to arms ! The Dutch are coming ! 

STEVENS: (raises horn slung from shoulder, blows 

three clear calls of alarm, three times.) What hast 

thou seen? 

(Enter left men and women and 
three children running and cry- 
ing-) 
ALL: What's ado? What's ado? 

THOMAS GRANT: As we were trapping in the woods 
some miles from here we heard the tramp of many 
horses' feet. 
FORD: Running to a tall pine girdled by a hardy grape- 
vine — I climbed even to the top and saw on the dis- 
tant plains mounted Dutchmen marching this way. 
OSGOOD: Let them come! We have naught to fear. 
ALL: But they claim the lands we clear! 
STEVENS: Thomas Pell purchased these lands from 
their rightful owners, the Sachems Naminepoe and 
Ann Hoock. 
GOODY JONES: Ann Hoock sold land to poor Anne 

Hutchinson, and then massacred her! 
STEVENS: There is naught to fear I tell thee! (crosses 
to tree, and points to the Arms of Parliament.) 
Look where hang the arms of Parliament. We are 
loyal Englishmen under the laws of England. What 
should we fear? 

(Noise of horses and many voices 
off right. Women crowd back of 
men, who form a line, muskets in 
hand, as the Dutchmen ride on, 
right. ) 

56 



CLAES VAN ELSLANDT: Who is in command here? 

STEVENS (steps out, center) : What wouldst thou 
with me, friend? 

VAN ELSLANDT: This order bids all trespassers from 
off this land. (Hands Stevens a paper.) 

STEVENS: 'T is writ in Dutch. Why did not the Fiscaal 
send English? I can not read it. 

VAN ELSLANDT : (takes paper and reads : ) In so many 
words it commands Thomas Pell with his people, 
servants or slaves, furniture, cattle, implements, and 
every other article of property, you and your nation 
brought here, to leave these premises of Vredeland! 

STEVENS: The Parliament must settle the claims of 
"Vredeland." We expect the determination of our 
boundaries by the next vessel. Till then we keep 
the arms of Parliament on this land. 

VAN ELSLANDT : What answer make you to the Fiscaal? 

STEVENS: There is no answer till he send his writ in 
English. Time will decide whether we shall be under 
Dutch government or the Parliament of England. 

VAN ELSLANDT: This time we came in peace. When 
we come again 't will be in numbers to enforce our 
words. 

(wheels horse, rides off, right, followed by Dutch- 
men.) (Stevens and all follow horses off, right.) 

OSGOOD: Thomas Pell bought these lands we hold for 
him. 

ALL: (talking together as they pass out.) How can the 
Dutch claim what belonged to the Indians? Indians 
sell many times over and kill those who buy. Think 
on poor Anne Hutchinson! 

(ALL EXEUNT, RIGHT.) 



57 



tmtmmftf^mm^gf^ 



^^ 




EPISODE 
IV 




rtf 




1685.1693. 

FTER THE REVOCATION OF THE EDICT 
OF NANTES BY LOUIS XIV IN 1685, 
THE EXODUS OF THE HUGUENOTS 
FROM FRANCE WAS ABOUT SEVEN 
PER CENT. OF THE POPULATION, 
AND, ACCORDING TO FISKE, INCLUD- 
ed a large proportion of skilled craftsmen, prosperous 
merchants, professional men and scholars. 

Nowhere did the Huguenots play a more important 
part than in and about New York. 

In 1689 a number of these Frenchmen, many of them 
from La Rochelle in France, the great Huguenot strong- 
hold — obtained a grant of land through acting Governor 
Jacob Leisler, from John Pell, on the shore of Westchester 
County, where they founded the pretty town of Nev/ 
Rochelle. 

The sum paid by the exiled Huguenots for the 6,000 
acres of land purchased from "John Pell and Rachael his 
wife" was £1,675 an extraordinarily large amount in 
comparison with what was usual in those days for unim- 
proved property — a proof of the substantial character 
of the settlement of New Rochelle. 



59 



In addition to the purchase money they were to pay 
unto the Lords of the manor of Pelham, one fat calf on 
every four and twentieth day of June. 

The ceremony of the presentation of the fat calf was 
duly observed for many years, and was always made a 
festival occasion. 

From the first the French refugees proved themselves 
a most valuable addition to the population of the County. 

We are told that on some occasions the devoted in- 
habitants of New Rochelle walked on Communion Sundays 
to New York, a distance by the road of 20 miles, to attend 
the services at the Eglise du Saint Esprit, in Pine Street, 
returning the same evening to their homes to be ready 
for their duties on Monday. 




60 




EPISODE IV -Scene First. 

By MARGUERITE MERINGTON 

"Uhua with imaginary wing oar swift scene flies 
In motion of no less celerity 
'Chan that of thought. 



tjhen brook abridgement, and your eyea advance 
After your thoughts, straight back again to France. 

Henry V. 



THE HUGUENOTS. 

ESCAPE OF THE BONNETT FAMILY FROM 
ROCHELLE, FRANCE 

SCENE: A roadway in France. 

TIME: After 1685, the year of the Revocation of the 

Edict of Nantes. 
PERSONS REPRESENTED: 
Daniel Bonnett 
His wife, Jeanne 
Daniel and Jean 
their children 
A Dragoon 
The donkey, "Bouricque" 

(Enter Bonnett and Wife, travel- 
stained, and obviously anxious 
under an appearance of simulated 
ease. Beside them trots Bouric- 
que bearing panniers of fresh 
fruit and vegetables.) 



61 



BONNETT: (sings.) Here's fruit for sale; fresh fruit. 
Here's sun-kissed figs. And cherries wet with dew! 

WIFE: (looks beyond the scene. Speaks with fervor.) 
Thank God! At last the sea! 

BONNETT: (Looks in same direction.) And God be 
praised. 

The shallop waits! We '11 rest! (Takes out bread and 
wine.) 

WIFE: Rest? — on the threshold of escape? 

Rather our steps to greater speed we'll goad! 
For, mark ! Each window of yon citadel 
A spying eye; the water-front patrolled; 
King's frigates on the bay, with guns as 't were, 
Aimed at our very souls ! Our ev'ry breath 
Drawn in mute terror of the dragonnade — 
Foul persecutions, under royal seal, 
That heed no law save man's brutality! 
How could I see thee broken on the wheel. 
My children snatched away, and not go mad! 
Aye, mad, ere yet my body paid its toll 
In outrage worse than death! 

BONNETT : Haste but betrays 

Our mortal fear ! Act as our errand were 
In truth the commonplace it seems. Here's one 
A bite deserves . . good old Bouricque ! The last 
Thou 'It nibble from my hand! (Gives donkey a 
carrot. ) 

WIFE: (Fastening hair securely.) My pins give way! 

BONNETT: Rochelle, fair city, cradle of our faith; 
Its stronghold long, by martyrs' blood baptized, 
What tho' in alien land azile we seek? 
Upon the Rock of Ages graven fast 
Thy name, beloved, shall we read. . . .Rochelle! 

WIFE: No one in sight? The boys? 

'T is hardly safe. 

WIFE: To breathe! Cramped limbs to stretch! (Lifts 
fruit from top of panniers.) Come Daniel! Jean! 

CHILDREN: (Peeping out.) May we come forth? 

62 



BONNETT: Just for a breathing space. 

DANIEL: Ho, Brother! 

JEAN: Brother! Oh, my foot's asleep! 

DANIEL: I'm stiff. And oh, but cabbages are hard! (Rub- 
bing his back. ) 

JEAN: I've eaten cherries till I have a pain! (Rubbing 
front. ) 

DANIEL: (Patting donkey.) 

Bouricque, art weary? Father, let us walk! • 

JEAN: Aye, Mother, please! 

BONNETT: No, no! 'T is not for long! 

WIFE: Go back, my birdlings, to your nest. Your 

prayers 

Repeat. But, ssh! (Finger on lips) or you'll be 

cooked alive 

To make a breakfast for the King's dragoons! 
DANIEL: Oh, I'll be mum. Just hear how mum I am! 
JEAN : But not so mum as I ! 

BONNETT: (helping wife cover children again.) Quiet! 

(Horseman heard approaching.) 
WIFE : ( in panic. ) What' s that ? 

Dragoons! Turn back! (seizes donkey's bridle.) 
BONNETT: (restrains her.) Nay, front them boldly. Up, 
Bouricque! (sings) Fresh fruit for sale. Here's 
sun-kissed figs, 
And cherries. . . . 

(Dragoon enters, mounted.) 

DRAGOON: Halt! (they halt) Your names? 

BONNETT : Daniel Bonnett ; 

A weaver. Jeanne, my wife. ' 
DRAGOON: None other soul? 

BONNETT (laughs) : Why, yes. Bouricque! 
DRAGOON (baring head) : Loyal to King? 

BONNETT (baring head) : Louis 

Ranks after God! 
DRAGOON: What takes you harbor-wards? 

63 



BONNETT (points) : An EngUsh packet oflf the Isle of 
Rhe 
At anchor strains to catch the tide. So we 
Her crew with produce fresh would catch! 
WIFE: (offering fruit) Sir, pray! 

DRAGOON: (eats) Good eating, by the Mass. Yet, by 
the Mass, 
It smacks of heresy! (spits out cherry stones) 
BONNETT: (lightly) A compUment! 

With fewer Saints' Days to the calendar, 
More time have heretics for industry! (about to pro- 
ceed) 
DRAGOON: Hold! (thrusts weapon into wife's hair) 
Madame's hair. . . . 

(He waves back Bonnett, who 
starts forward indignantly. ) 
I would not sever it. 
My whim its length to see! (Bible falls from loos- 
ened coils. He catches it adroitly) 
WIFE : My Testament ! 

Keep it! 'T is written here! (hand on heart) 
DRAGOON: (examines it.) Ha, as I thought. You 're 

Huguenots ! 
BONNETT: What then? 

DRAGOON: (waves Bible) Damned heresies! 

'T will make a bonfire in the market-place! 

BONNETT : Its flame the world shall light ! Come, let 

us pass! 
The Massacre of Saint Bartholomew 
Is ancient history. High-heaped lie years 
On Richelieu's tomb. Tho' barred from office, state. 
One still may live, in France, a Protestant! 
DRAGOON: Hold. Lusty, young, childless are ye? 
WIFE: (protesting) Oh, sirl 

Saw you our sons . . Dan, eight, Jean scarce a year 
Behind . . (stops, realizing this is a damaging ad- 
mission) 
DRAGOON: (nods, triumphantly) Of age, by law, their 
faith to choose ! 

64 



BONNETT (angrily) : To choose! You 'd bribe them with 

some Popish toy! 
DRAGOON: I'd save their souls to Heav'n! (fervently) 
BONNETT : By way of Rome ! 

DRAGOON: There is no other way! . . Where are those 

boys? 

Upon your boasted conscience! Come, no lies! 

(Bonnett is silent, torn between 
conflicting emotions. Wife sud- 
denly bursts into feigned laugh- 
ter. Dragoon turns to her, sur- 
prised. ) 

WIFE: Pardon! That question proves you still unwed! 

Hark back to childhood! Then go seek my babes 

Where you, at dawn, were wont to lie . . in sleep . . 

Between your mother's night and waking kiss! 
DRAGOON: (after slight pause, prepares to ride away, 

then suddenly turns, and thrusts weapon through 

pannier containing Jean) 

Good voyage. Huguenots! (salutes mockingly, and 
rides off) 
BONNETT: God! 

WIFE: Jean! 

DANIEL: (appearing, cries) I heard! 

Had he but slain me in my brother's stead! 

(Bonnett and Wife hurriedly lift 
Jean from pannier.) 

WIFE: He bleeds! 

BONNETT: (examining Jean's leg) A scratch! 
WIFE: (hugging Jean) You never cried! 

JEAN : My tongue 

I bit. I said my prayers ! And then my fist 
I shook, and made a face! Like this! (illustrating) 
WIFE: (putting Jean back in pannier) Darling! 

BONNETT: Brave lad . . Come, up Bouricque! (sings) 
Fresh fruit for sale. 
Here's sun-kissed figs! Ripe cherries wet with dew! 

(They go off happily toward the 
sea.) 

65 




EPISODE IV .-5cene Second, 

By ELIZABETH B. CUSTER 

THE PRESENTATION OF THE FATTED CALF 

SCENE: NewRochelle. 

TIME: 1693. 

PERSONS REPRESENTED: 

John Pell, Lord of the Manor 

Rachel, his wife 

John ) 

Peter \ Servants 

Attendants to the Lord and Lady of the Manor 
The Huguenot Freeholders 
Girls and boys 

(Two Servants preparing dais for 
the Lord and Lady of the Manor.) 
JOHN : The sun shines for us on our festival day. There 
will be dancing and music and, my eyes! what a 
feast! 

(He takes a few dancing steps 
and tosses his cap in the air. ) 
PETER: One of those Frenchmen was sighing away, 
when I passed him this morning, for the vineyards 
and gardens of "La Belle France." I told him to stop 
his whimpering or he had better run right home to 
France, and sizzle and burn and be torn asunder for 
the sake of his religion, since he didn't appreciate 
the freedom to worship as he chooses! 



67 



JOHN : I sneaked aronnd, Peter, and caught a look at the 
calf that these Frenchmen are bringing. It's a 
beauty — fat and sleek. It was a fine thought of our 
master to mark his sale of the land to these Hugue- 
nots by giving them a festival every anniversary, 
and by their presenting him with a calf. 
PETER I say this : our Lord and Lady merit a whole drove 
of calves, but it was a big sum that was paid for 
their land, £1,675 for six thousand acres and all wild 
land! 
JOHN: Yes, but it has wood, water and good soil, and 
mind, if you think it dear, each one of the twenty- 
two freeholders takes his share of the debt. Besides 
't is said their Honours give them, out and out, one 
hundred acres for a church. 

(Enter the Lord and Lady of Pel- 
l^am Manor and attendants. They 
take their places on the dais. En- 
ter boys and girls singing. Free- 
holders and their families enter, 
pass before the dais and bow. 
Cries of welcome.) 
CROWD: Long live the Lord and Lady of the Manor! 
VILLAGER: Hush, he is rising to speak! 
JOHN PELL: Welcome, Freeholders of New Rochelle. 
We rejoice in the recurrence of this day, which marks 
your adoption of America as your home. 
Your coming was sorrowful, not only because of the 
cruel persecutions you endured, but because of your 
flight from your beloved France. But we have prof- 
ited by your citizenship, and we are grateful to you 
for your frugality, industry and loyalty. 
L'ESTRANGE: We humbly thank you for your welcome. 
It is a matter of common concernment with us that 
we shall prove our gratitude to our Maker and to our 
adopted country for freedom to worship as our con- 
science directs. Will you deign to accept from your 

68 



loyal French tenantry this calf in pursuance of the 

conditions of our purchase of these acres that we / 

now call home? 

(The calf is led to the dais by two 
Frenchmen, then led away by the 
attendants. ) « 

JOHN PELL: Lady Pell and I accept the gift with the | 

fervent hope that we may long thus celebrate with j 

you the 24th of June. 

(Music as the Lord and Lady de- 
part. Applause, throwing up of ; 
hats, waving farewells. All then i 
scatter and exeunt. ) < 




69 



J KnMKitKnKj>nnKKKnnnt\nKi'KnKnniirMnj>nnM lUiruiKj) wi KARA kawi iu« lut iw«aiw«a«jhui iw«a nAmiiuiKAnAtu) iuhw«uim i. 




EPISODE W -Scene Third. 

B7 MARGUERITE MERINGTON 

ASSEMBLING OF HUGUENOTS OF NEW ROCHELLE 
TO MARCH TO CHURCH IN NEW YORK 

SCENE : New Rochelle. 

TIME : 1693. An early morning. 

PERSONS REPRESENTED: 

A very Old Man 
A very Old Woman 
jMme. Badeau 

^Frederick Schurman, both of advancing years, but 
active Coutant, Allaire, Sicart, Bongrand; Cothenean, 
Bonrepos, his children; Mme. Guion, her baby; a 
youngish woman accompanied by an Indian girl; a 
lad, a lass, others 

(They enter, from diflferent direc- 
tions, singly, or by twos and 
threes, all but the very old and 
the very young prepared for the 
journey, carrying shoes and 
stockings, lunch baskets, psalm 
books and Testaments. One or 
two show signs of drowsiness, as 
if roused unwontedly early. ) 
COUTANT: Good morn, Sicart! How, think you, bodes 
the day 
For our long march? 



71 



SICART: (looks at sky) Clear skies, and cool! 

COUTANT: That's good! 

Hey, Cotheneau! What's new? 
COTHENEAU : The governor 

I wrote, relief to urge for our distressed. 
Till looms be busy, and the seed bears fruit. 
But — thrifty, pious folk as are they! soon 
This New Rochelle will prosper like the old! 

(The others assent. They talk 
together. A Girl, entering, sees a 
Boy who has fallen asleep, lean- 
ing against a tree. She shakes 
him.) 
GIRL: Wake, sleepyhead! 
BOY: (waking with a start) Eh? 

GIRL: Time to start for church! 

VERY OLD WOMAN: Just pinch him, n^w and then! 
MME. GUION: Who'll mind my babe? 

VERY OLD WOMAN: I'll mother it! Those twenty miles 
and back 
'T wixt dawn and sunset are beyond my strength. 

(The Young Woman consigns the 
baby to the care of the Old. Enter 
Father with Children clinging to 
him.) 
CHILDREN: But father, whither go you? 
BONREPOS: To New York, 

To service at the Church of Saint Esprit! 
Meanwhile, be good. Your Bible lesson learn 
From parables upon the pictured tiles 
About the hearth! (Bids Children goodbye.) 

(Woman enters, leading an Indian 
Girl, causing a slight excitement. ) 
SEVERAL: What's this: an Indian maid! 
WOMAN (explaining) : Her tribe came hither, on a cider 
spree. 
I won her to our faith reformed. To-day 

72 



I stay, the sick to tend, so she my place 
Will fill, my shoes and stockings wear. 

(Gives shoes and stockings to 
Indian Girl, who begins to put 
them on. Woman stops her.) 

Not yet! 
Not till you reach New York! There, by a pond, 
You'll rest, your feet to lave and ready make 
To seek the sanctuary fittingly! 

(Mme. Badeau and F. Schurman 
meet and exchange greetings.) 
MME. BADEAU: Well, Elder Schurman! 
SCHURMAN: Mere Badeau! We twain 

Still lead the flock by right of years, it seems ! 
MME. BADEAU: Aye. Christmas, Easter, Whitsun, 
Michaelmas — 
Each Sacrament I fear may be my last! 
SCHURMAN: One can't leave off too late. 
BOY: Nor start too soon. 

To-day my first Communion do I make! 
VERY OLD MAN (hobbling up to Boy and proffering him 
a copper coin) : 
Here, lad. When says the minister, "The Poor 
Forget not!" Drop this in the box for me — 
A copper penny, my thank-offering 
To Him who brought us, as from Babylon, 
To this Rehoboth, here in peace to die! 
COUTANT: Speaking of dying, Louis Bongrand here 

Is giving land, some forty paces square — 
BONGRAND : Just off the Boston Road, a quiet spot, 
God's acre for the bones of Rochellese! 

(In the midst of the pleasurable 

excitement evoked by this, Cou- 

tant, who has been speaking with 

Allaire, claps hands for silence.) 

COUTANT: More news! Allaire, 't is you surveyed the 

place. 

You tell it ! 

73 



ALLAIRE (Holding up document) : Here's a deed — a grant 
of land — 
French Protestants of New Eochelle. 
SEVERAL: Hear, hear! 

ALLAIRE: Upon this spot we now may build a church! 
SEVERAL: A church! 
OTHERS: A temple of our own! 
ALLAIRE (corroborating): True! Ground 
We '11 break come morrow! 

(All manifest great joy.) 
BOY: I could shout for joy — 

An 't were a weekday! 
VERY OLD MAN (greatly moved) : Heaven! Once again 
To hear the Sabbath bell — It takes me back — 
Across the seas — to France! (Breaks into silent 
weeping.) 
SCHURMAN (With authority) : Fall into line ! 

(The marchers obey.) 
We'll sing Marot's brave psalm, the Sixtieth. 
ALL: Aye — the Sixtieth — "0 Lord, Thou didst us clean 
forsake 
And scatt:' all abroad." 

(The marchers go off, headed by 
Elder Schurman and Mme. 
Badeau, those who are to be 
left behind following to wave 
adieu, while joining in the sing- 
ing.) 



74 




EPISODE 







\m. 


B 




s*^— *3» ^* 



EWIS MORRIS (WHO INHERITED HIS 
ESTATE FROM HIS UNCLE, COLONEL 
LEWIS MORRIS, AND IN 1697 HAD 
IT ERECTED INTO THE "LORDSHIP 
OR MANOR OF MORRISANIA") WAS A 
MAN OF SPIRITED TEMPERAMENT 
and great talent ; a bold and aggressive spirit, with a fine 
scorn of consequences. He was the son of a Captain in 
Cromwell's army, and born with the instincts of vigorous 
hostility to all despotism. It was this element in his char- 
acter which led him thus in the zenith of his career to sac- 
rifice his own high position in the cause of righteous re- 
sistance to official tyranny — an act which was the oc- 
casion of the first grand assertion of the principle of 
American freedom. After more than forty years of service 
in public affairs, on his expulsion from the bench Lewis 
Morris retired to private life; but the indignation of the 
people had been powerfully stirred by Governor Crosby's 
arbitrary proceedings and attempt at despotic power. 
Morris was regarded as a victim of tyranny and urged to 
stand as a candidate for the assembly at the coming elec- 
tion in October. He acceded, and offered himself for the 
suffrages of the Electors of Westchester County. 

The resulting election which took place on October 



75 



29th, "on the Green," at the Town of Eastchester, was 
the most notable one in the whole Colonial history of the 
county. A graphic description of it was published in the 
first number of the famous New York Weekly Journal, 
November 5th, giving a vivid picture of the customs of the 
times. 

NOTE. 

Born at Albany, though a thorough Dutchman, as his charming 
name so clearly indicates. Rip Van Dam was an old and respected 
citizen of New York. Pending the selection of a new Governor by 
the appointive power in Eng^land, he was vested with authority of 
acting chief magistrate. 

This citizen-Governor continued to administer affairs for thirteen 
months, turning over his office in August, 1732, to the new Governor, 
William Crosby, upon his arrival from England. 

From Rip Van Dam's accounts the new executive discovered, to 
his great disgust, that the pro tempore Governor had drawn the en- 
tire salary belonging to the position during the thirteen months of his 
administration. He demanded that Rip should return to him one-half 
of the salary thus taken, to which Van Dam very casually replied, 
that he would do so most gladly if the Governor on his part would 
relinquish one-half of the fees that he had pocketed before he had 
begun to perform any of the functions of his office after his appoint- 
ment, but while he had still remained in England. 

The Governor was determined to wring the money from Van 
Dam — and proceeded to erect a Court of Chancery for the trial. The 
assumption of such powers by former Governors had given rise to 
strong popular discontent. But Crosby did not scruple to stretch his 
authority to the uttermost. He designated three of the Supreme Court 
Judges as equity judges to act in the Van Dam prosecution, Frederick 
Philipse, James De Lancey, and the central figure of our present scene, 
Chief Justice Lewis Morris. To the amazement of the other tw» 
judges, Morris supported Van Dam's counsel in denying the legality 
of the court on the ground that it was a tribunal of irregular creation, 
and delivered a decision in favor of Van Dam. 

This brought matters to a crisis, and Crosby deprived Morris of 
his office, by handing to the young James De Lancey a notice of his 
appointment as Chief Justice, August 21st, 1733. 

A week later this first issue of the New York Weekly Journal 
came from the press. The greatest enthusiasm prevailed among all 
classes. The bells of the Old Dutch Church rang out a jubilant peal 

7« 



when the late Chief Justice, now Representative, landed in the City of 
New York on October 31st, and he was saluted by a firing of guns. 
The Election had been a spontaneous assembling of the people to reg- 
ister their votes and their protests in a great cause. From the re- 
motest parts of the County had gone forth the word to gather on the 
Green at E^stchester. 

The German printer Zenger, who attended the famous election as 
a self-constituted reporter, established in New York the Weekly Jour- 
nal, and the daring opposition to the Governor's party manifested in 
its every issue led to remarkable consequences. His papers were pro- 
nounced seditions — and burned — and he was arrested on the charge of 
libel. For his defense the services of Andrew Hamilton, of Philadel- 
phia, were secured, the greatest lawyer in the English colonies, who 
undertook the case without fee or reward — for if the Government 
could suppress freedom of speech and of the press by using the law 
of libel, it would be the end of liberty in the colonies. The great 
Quaker conducted the case, not according to any precedent, but ac- 
cording to the sound wisdom and the laws of the future. 

After concluding his argument the honorable lawyer turned to 
the jury with a powerful peroration: "The question before the Court 
and you, gentlemen of the jury, is not the cause of a poor printer, nor 
of New York alone, which you are now trying. No! It may in its 
consequences affect every freeman that lives under British government 
on the main of America! It is the best cause, the cause of liberty, and 
I make no doubt but your upright conduct this day will not only en- 
title you to the love and esteem of your fellow citizens but every man 
who prefers freedom to a life of slavery will bless and honor you, as 
men who have baffled the attempt of tyranny, and by an impartial and 
uncorrupt verdict have laid a noble foundation for securing to our- 
selves, our posterity and our neighbors, that to which nature and the 
laws of our country have given us a right — the liberty of exposing 
and opposing arbitrary power.... by speaking and writing the truth!" 
The jury responded by an almost immediate verdict of acquittal. 
This verdict established forever the principle of liberty of the press 
in America. The spirit of political independence, which was an active 
force from that October day when the people of Westchester County 
assembled for the election on the Green, was one of the earliest foun- 
dations of the American Revolution. 

Here is the account published at the time: 

"The papers affixed to the Church of Eastchester and other public 
places, giving notice of the Day and Place of Election, had not men- 
tioned any time of day — which made the Electors on the side of the 
late judge very suspicious that some Fraud was intended, and to pre- 
vent this about fifty of them kept watch upon and about the Green at 

77 



Eastchester from 12 o'clock the night before till the morning of the 
Day. The other electors began to move the afternoon and the eve- 
ning before — about midnight meeting at the house of WilHam Lc 
Court in New Rochelle. They were joined by about 70 horse of the 
Electors of the town part of the County — and proceeded towards the 
place of election in the following order, viz.: First ride two trumpet- 
ers and three violins, next four of the principal Freeholders, one of 
whom carried a banner, inscribed on one side in gold letters, "King 
George, and on the other, 'Liberty and Law.' Next followed the 
candidate, Lewis Morris, Esq., then two columns; and at sun-rising 
they entered upon the Green at Eastchester, followed by about 300 
horse of the principal Freeholders of the County. After having rid- 
den three times around the Green, they went to the house of Joseph 
Fowler and Mr. Child, who were well prepared for their reception. 

About eleven o'clock appeared the candidate of the other side, 
William Foster, Esq., the schoolmaster. Next came the ensign 
borne by two of the Freeholders, then followed the Honorable James 
De Lancey, Esq., Chief Justice of the Province of New York, and the 
Honorable Frederick Philipse, Second Judge of the said Province and 
Bearer of the Exchequer, attended by about 170 horse of the Free- 
holders and friends of the said Foster and the two Judges, they en- 
tered the Green on the east side; and riding twice around it, their 
word was "No Land Tax," 

"Cries of 'No Excise!' 'No Pretender!'" 

"In about an hour the High Sheriff came to town finely mounted; 
the housings and holster caps being scarlet richly laced with silver. 
Upon his approach the Electors on both sides went into the Green — 
where they were to elect — and having read his Majesty's writ, bid the 
Electors proceed to a choice, which they did. A great majority 
appeared for Morris, upon which a poll was demanded, but by wham 
is not known; this was said by many to be done by the Sheriff himself. 

"Morris several times asked the Sheriff upon whose side the ma- 
jority appeared, but could get no other reply than that a poll must be 
had. Soon after, one of those called Quakers, a man of known worth 
and estate, came to give his vote for the late Judge. Upon this Foster 
and two others chosen by him to be inspectors, questioned his having 
an estate, and required the Sheriff to tender him the book to swear 
in due form of law. This he refused to do, but offered to make this 
solemn affirmation, which both by the laws of England and of this 
Province was indulged to the people called Quakers, and had always 
been practiced and never refused, but the Sheriff was deaf to all that 
could be alleged on that side, and, notwithstanding that he was told 
by the late Chief Justice and James Alexander, Esq., one of his Maj- 
esty's Council, and by William Smith, Esq., Councillor at Law. that 
such a procedure was contrary to law, and a violent attempt of the 

78 



liberties of the people, he still persisted in refusing the said Quaker 
to vote, and in like manner did refuse seven and thirty Quakers more 
— men of known and visible estates. 

"This Cooper, now High Sheriff of the said County, is said not 
only to be a stranger in that County, but not to have a foot of land or 
other visible estate in it. The polling had not long been continued be- 
fore Mr. Edward Stephens did openly, in the hearing of all the Free- 
holders then assembled, charge William Foster, Esq., the candidate 
on the other side, with being a Jacobite and in the interest of the 
Pretender. This was loudly and strongly urged to Foster's face, who 
denied it to be true. 

"About II o'clock that night the poll was closed, and it stood 
thus: 

For the late Chief Justice 231 

The Quakers 38 

269 

For William Foster, Esq 151 

The Difference 118 

Total 269 

"So that the late Chief Justice carried it by a great majority with- 
out the Quakers. 

"Upon closing the poll the other candidate, Foster, and the Sheriff 
wished the late Chief Justice much joy. Foster said he hoped the 
late Judge would not think the worse of him for setting up against 
him, to which the Judge replied he believed he was put upon it aj;ainst 
his inclinations, but that he was highly blamable, and who did and 
should knov/ better for putting the Sheriff, who was a stranger, and 
ignorant upon such matters, upon making so violent an attempt upon 
the liberty of the people (in the case of the Quaker) — which would 
expose him to ruin if he were worth 10,000 pounds, if the people ag- 
grieved should commence suit against him. 

"The people made a great huzza, which the late Chief Justice 
blamed very much, as what he thought not right. Foster replied he 
took no notice of what the common people did, since Mr. Morris did 
not put them upon the doing of it. 

"The indentures being sealed, the whole body of Electors waited 
on the new Representative to his lodgings with trumpets sounding 
and violins playing, and in a little time took leave of him, and this 
ended the electon to the general satisfaction. 



79 




' ' Vouchsafe to those that have not read the story 
That I may prompt them; and of such as have 
I kindly pray them to admit the excuse 
Of time, of numbers, and due course of things 
fVhich cannot in their huge and proper life 
Be here presented. 

Henry V. 



EPISODE V. 

By GOUVERNEUR MORRIS 

"THE ELECTION ON THE GREEN" 
PREMONITIONS OF INDEPENDENCE 

SCENE: The Green, in front of the Church, Eastchester. 

TIME: Daybreak, October 29th, 1733. 
PERSONS REPRESENTED: 

LEWIS MORRIS, Lord of the Manor of Morrisania, 
ex- Chief Justice and candidate for the Assembly. 

JAMES ALEXANDER, one of His Majesty's Council. 

WILLIAM SMITH, Councillor at Law. 

COOPER, the High Sheriff. 

WILLIAM LE COURT. 

WILLIAM FOSTER, the Schoolmaster, the Gover- 
nor's candidate. 

THE HONORABLE JAMES DE LANCEY, Chief Jus- 
tice of the Province of New York. 

THE HONORABLE FREDERICK PHILIPSE, Second 
Judge of the said Province and Bearer of the 
Exchequer. 

RIP VAN DAM. 

JOSEPH FOWLER. 



81 



MR. CHILD. 

OTHER PRINCIPAL FREEHOLDERS OF THE 

COUNTY. 
GROUP OF QUAKERS. 
EDWARD STEPHENS. 
FERRIS, A FARMER. 
BAXTER, 
OTHER VOTERS. 
ZENGER, the printer. 

(Enter several groups of voters; 
Van Corlear, a lawyer, and Mr. 
Philipse, of the Governor's party, 
advance in consultation. A night- 
watchman on his last round, 
crosses rear, announcing the 
hour, "Sunrise and all's well." 
Ferris, a farmer, enters with four 
or five others.) 
FERRIS (to Van Corlear) : But why must we be here at 

daybreak? 
VAN CORLEAR (drawing him aside) : If a true vote of 
the whole County were taken, Morris would win. 
Therefore, our party, arriving early, finishes the elec- 
tion before his party arrives at all. 
FERRIS (stoutly) : The more I see of our party, the more 
I admire his! 

(A farmer, Baxter, strolls out 
from a grove of trees, with 
others; he carries a lighted lan- 
tern. ) 
FERRIS (to Baxter): Hey! Your light's burning! 
BAXTER (sleepily) : So 't is! The Governor set no time 
for the election; so, fearing one of his tricks, we 
came at midnight to be in time to vote for Judge 
Morris. 
PHILIPSE (to Van Corlear) : Where 's the Sheriff? We 

82 



must start the voting, lest worse befall. If we lose, 
the Governor will make it hot for all of us. 

(Trumpets and violins are heard in 
the distance.) 
VAN CORLEAR (angrily): The devil's in it! Here's 

Judge Morris himself! 
PHILIPSE (craftily): The Quakers are all for Morris 

* * * (They talk.) 
BAXTER (who has been talking with Ferris) : The truth 
is, the Governor was for robbing Rip Van Dam out of 
hand, and Judge Morris, then Chief Justice, pre- 
vented him. Then the Governor appointed young De 
Lancey over Morris's head. So all we who love fair 
play are hot for the Judge. And we purpose in elect- 
ing him Assemblyman to vindicate his character of 
just Judge, and to show that we will not put up with 
tyranny. 
FERRIS : I am with you. (They shake hands. ) 

(Music. Enter, Lewis Morris on 
horseback in the procession of 
electors. They ride three times 
around the green and halt in a 
group. Joseph Fowler and Mr. 
Child advance to receive them. 
Cries of "King George" and 
"Liberty and Law." Then enter 
William Foster, the Governor's 
candidate, James De Lancey, 
Chief Justice, the Honorable 
Frederick Philipse, Second Judge, 
and procession of electors. Enter 
the High Sheriff, finely mounted. ) 
WILLIAM FOSTER (as music stops) : Put the question, 
Sheriff, lest more of Morris's party come. 

(During factional outcry and 
banter, the Sheriff rides down 
center, and commands silence. As 

83 



quiet is restored, he reads aloud 

his Majesty's writ, and bids the 

"^ electors proceed to a choice.) 

SHERIFF: All in favor of Schoolmaster Foster, hold up 

their right hands! All those in favor of Judge 

Morris. 

(It is evident by the show of 

hands that Morris has a majority. 

There are cheers and catcalls. 

Foster makes to shrink away.) 

SHERIFF: Wait. (To a Quaker.) By what right do 

you vote? 
QUAKER: I? Friend, it is my right. I am a landed 

proprietor. 
SHERIFF: Then swear, and kiss the Book. 
QUAKER: Nay; we Quakers may only affirm. 
SHERIFF : Then , you shall have no vote here. 

(Angry and pleased murmurs.) 
MORRIS: Sheriff, this is against the usage of all civil- 
ized countries! 
JAMES ALELXANDER: Such a proceedure is contrary 
to law, and a violent attempt of the liberties of the 
people. 

(Other Quakers approach.) 
SHERIFF: The Quaker vote is no vote. The Governor 
will back me. Once more: All in favor of Mr. Fos- 
ter (Not so many hands.) All in favor 

(Morris is triumphantly elected. 
The crowd, cheering and tossing 
hats, press about Morris to shake 
his hand; but he holds it up for 
silence.) 
MORRIS: I thank you. But here is no occasion for up- 
roar. You cheer because for once the Right has the 
upper hand of Wrong. Rather ought we to hang our 
heads and be ashamed. Let us hold our breath until 
Justice is no longer rare in this Colony — until Justice 
is of so common occurrence as to excite no comment 
whatever. Then let all cheer. 

(Cheers, shouts and great en- 
thusiasm. ) 

84 



r 




^ 



EPISODE 



" Things now. 

That bear a ipeighfy and a serious brow, 
Sad, high and working, full of state and Woe, 
Such noble scenes as draw the cvje to glow. 
We now present ...... 

Be sad, as tve Would make ye : think H^ *cc 

The Very persons of our noble stor^ 

As they were living . . " 

Hbnrv VIII. 

THE AMERICAN COLONY REACHES ITS MAJORITY 

AND COMES INTO ITS OWN AFTER 

THE GREAT STRUGGLE 

1775-1783 




HE SEVERAL SCENES DEPICTING THE 
PROGRESS OP THE EVENTS OF THE 
REVOLUTION — AS THEY CROSSED 
AND RECROSSED THIS "NEUTRAL 
GROUND" OF WESTCHESTER COUNTY 
— IN ORDER THAT THEY MAY MORE 
forcibly weave themselves into the solid fabric and pow- 
erful design of American Independence — should follow 
one another as rapidly and briefly as possible — a few 
words, in some of the most important points only, serving 
to throw further light upon the great Cosmic force at 
work. 

It presents itself as a procession — scarcely broken — 
back and forth across the green stage — weaving a woof 
of brilliant color through a green warp. 

85 



•First — from north to south — the God of Battles hurls 
the shuttle. The news of Lexington — where "the embat- 
tled farmers stood, and fired the shot heard round the 
world," was received along the Boston Post road by the 
people of Westchester County, on Sunday morning, April 
23d, 1775, from the express rider on his way to New 
York. 

Washington rides through the Colonies (from Phila- 
delphia to Cambridge) to take command of the people's 
army — "that noble figure which draws all eyes to it — 
that princely mien — that sincere and open countenance — 
that quickened the pulses of a crowd at the same time 
that it awed them, that drew cheers which were a sort of 
voice of worship." 

Mrs. Washington follows him — with proper escort in 
her coach and four — black postillions in scarlet and white 
— all the way from Virginia to join her husband in his 
winter headquarters in Cambridge. 

The Evacuation of Boston by the British occurred on 
November 17th, 1775, and after that victory, General 
Washington realized that New York would be the next im- 
portant point of the contest, and that the command of 
the Hudson would mean the command of the whole conti- 
nent; and while the Declaration of Independence was 
being determined upon by the Continental Congress in 
Philadelphia, Washington was proceeding with the work 
of organization and defence of New York — in April, 
1776. 

Toward the end of June, as has been seen, the British 
Fleet appeared in the Lower Bay, and the Provincial Con- 
gress removed to the White Plains. 

BATTLE OF THE WHITE PLAINS. 

On August 22nd, General Howe put 20,000 men 
ashore, and on the 27th made an overwhelming attack, 
driving the Americans back upon Brooklyn Heights to 

86 



their intrenched position. Washington withdrew to a 
strong position on Harlem Heights, where he successfully 
repulsed the enemy on September 16th, and on October 
28th kept his ground before them at White Plains. 

From his Camp at Scarsdale, General Howe marched 
early in the morning of Monday, October 28th, to fight 
what he supposed would be a decisive battle. 

They stormed Washington's Lines drawn up on Ohat- 
terton's Hill — from which they expelled the Americans — 
but without further pursuing them. The loss on the 
British side being 233, and on the American side, 140. 

After the victories in Massachusetts, General Wash- 
ington recrossed the County in April, 1776, with the Con- 
tinental troops, to organize the defence of New York — 
the key to the Hudson and the next point of attack. 

June 3 0th — On the arrival of the British Fleet in the 
Lower Bay, the Provincial Congress of New York is or- 
dered to remove to the White Plains. As an express from 
General Washington overtakes them they halt, and the 
house is called to order on horseback — and several reso- 
lutions passed. 

July 11th — The Declaration of Independence is read 
aloud to the people in front of the Court House at the 
White Plains. 

THE CAPTURE OF ANDRE AND THE TURNING OF 

THE TIDE. 

On September 23d, 1780, Major Andre was captured 
near Tarrytown, on his way to the British Lines, by three 
members of a small scouting party. 

Andre was taken by his captors to the nearest Ameri- 
can post. 

Evacuation Day — On the 14th of May, 1783, West- 
chester County was surrendered to the State Government 
by the withdrawal of the British garrison from Morrisania. 

87 



But it was not until Nov. 25th that the British troops 
evacuated New York. 

Washington made his arrangements for taking pos- 
session of the city and having dispatched the troops for 
occupation of the outlying ports as they should be sur- 
rendered — he followed, attended by his staff, and joined 
by Governor Clinton and Lieutenant Governor Van Cort- 
land*. 




88 



T.)f.T.^^.VT^J.l/■f.t.l.^.^.l.^l.l.1■llJJ. T . I . l . ^ . l . l . ^ JT l .uJJ. l JJJA^^ l ■ T ■^ T JJJJ■l■l.lJ,lJJ■^J ■ ^l ■ ^ . IA I . MA l. M ■ ^I; J. M ■ ^ L^J^^ 



JJJJXiX!^ 




lai^uMWMv'Mviftiiniwiwiniiniwviniw^iwvtfiwwvifMWiniWMinitftiifMiniiniioiiwiniiwiniMWKiiiiBK)! 



EPISODE VI .-5cene First. 

By ELIZABETH BISLAND WETMORE 

THE PROVINCIAL CONGRESS ON HORSEBACK 

SCENE: Westchester. TIME: Sunday, July 1st, 1776. 
PERSONS REPRESENTED. 
Colonel Pierre Van Cortlandt, President 
Captain Jonathan Piatt 
Zebediah Mills 
Colonel Lewis Graham 
Colonel Gilbert Drake 
General Lewis Morris 
John Jay 

Gouverneur Morris 
Jonathan G. Tompkins 
Major Ebenezer Lockwood 
Samuel Haviland 
A Courier 

(Enter body of horsemen, Pierre 
Van Cortlandt riding at the head 
of the troup. He turns, draws 
rein, and speaks. ) 
VAN CORTLANDT: Well, gentlemen, we shall soon be 
there. I confess — I shall be glad to see the town, as 
in the hurry of the morning I had no time for break- 
fast. 
PLATT (Pulling at his stock) : Nor had I, but there's a 
certain constriction of my throat that will not let me 
consider over- closely the complaints of my empty 
ribs. 



89 



MILLS (Laughing) : That same constriction of the throat 

feels like the pull of a rope, hey, Jonathan? 
PLATT: Most uncommon like a rope! 
GRAHAM: With King George's fleet in New York Bay, 
and 33,000 of his troops ready to land, all our necks 
are in a noose. If we cut not that noose with our 
swords we shall all be as dead men! 
DRAKE: Lord save us! 'T is a solemn thought! 
L. MORRIS (Lightly) : Be not too solemn over it, Drake. 
Our heads are in too far now to get out save by 
fighting. Cold steel will save us from hemp. 

(They all laugh. Enter from be- 
hind them a Courier on horseback, 
riding hard.) 
COURIER (waving his cap): Hallo! Hallo! Are you 

gentlemen the Congress? 
TOMPKINS: Yes, yes. What is it? Bear you news? 
COURIER (dismounting and taking out papers) : I bear 
despatches from General Washington. "These for 
the Congress," quoth his Excellency, "Whip and 
spur, and spare not your steed." I have come post- 
haste, without drawing rein. 
VAN CORTLANDT (takes papers, glances over them) : 
Gentlemen, 't is news that calls for instant action. 
General Washington has sure tidings of the fleet. 
The British will be in readiness to move their whole 
force within the week. Morris, call the Congress to 
order. 
L. MORRIS: What! Here in the road? 
VAN CORTLANDT: Certainly. 'T is men, not walls, that 

make the laws. 
L. MORRIS: Gentlemen, please come to order. 

(They range themselves in two 
ranks, facing Van Cortlandt.) 
VAN CORTLANDT: Paulding, you will act as secretary. 

(Plauding draws out tablets, and 
taking the bridle of his horse over 
his arm, proceeds to write.) 

90 



i) 



MILLS: Mr. President, I move that there be some one 
appointed to see Norwood and Colonel Peter Cur- 
tenius, and get our lead and powder out of the City. 
We make a gift of them to the British else. 

LOCKWOOD: He'll need some sturdy teams. 

VAN CORTLANDT: Major Lockwood, you will impress 
all teams, carriages and boats within the hour. The 
danger is too great to brook delay. 

LOCKWOOD : How if they object to give their teams? 

VAN CORTLANDT: Captain Piatt, order a detachment of 
horse from Captain Townsend's command to guard 
the stores, and enforce all orders of the Provincial 
Congress of New York. 

MILLS : Money will be needed, too. 

VAN CORTLANDT (to Samuel Haviland) : Treasurer, 
what funds have we on hand? 

HAVILAND (doubtfully, putting hand in breeches pocket 
and counting coin.) Here be some nine pounds, a 
pine-tree shilling, and four sixpences; but 'tis the 
price of two hogs, a colt, and ten acres of land that 
I sold to Mills last week, and I doubt that the Ameri- 
can Revolution has a right to take them from me, 
and give them back to Zebediah Mills! 

L. MORRIS: 'T is cheaper than a rope and a funeral, 
Samuel. 

HAVILAND: Lord! so 'tis! Here Mills. But you might 
give me back one of the hogs, Zebediah! 

VAN CORTLANDT: Gentlemen, if there be no further 
business of importance before the Congress, I will 
adjourn the meeting until the 8th day of July, in the 
White Plains Court House. Let us be moving. This 
business of lead and powder is a matter of great 

moment. 

(They break ranks, and move for- 
ward. ) 
G. MORRIS: So ends the meeting of the Light Horse Con- 
gress of the Province of New York! 

(They all laugh, and the Courier 
cries : ) 
COURIER: Down with King George! 

(Exeunt.) 

91 



, MA l. MA ^ M . »JaIXOXq7T■^^.^IAI■^■T7TT:lJ■lJ.^lJJJ■t■T,lJJJJJJ.^lJrtJ.^^J■^J.lJ. t ■ T J. l J. l . l J. l .^. l . l . ^ .^^ ^ J.^JJJ.tf^ 




gW^'rt?ri'is'rf i Yr , iYr i '|-riCTnra'rri'I?l'i'''i''viv''-''vi' !' ii '^ . -i v > ^ 'i ^ 'p ; 'Vi'r / i v M v i s T' ; 'i v i s 'ivivr 



EPISODE VI -Scene Second. 

By ELIZABETH BISLAND WETMORE 

READING OF THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE 

SCENE : Steps of White Plains Court House. 
TIME: July llth, 1776. 
PERSONS REPRESENTED: 

General Nathaniel Woodhull, President of the 4tk 

Provincial Congress 
Congressmen 
Townspeople 

(A Crowd of Country People. Two 
files of Continental Soldiers drawn 
up on either side of ateps.) 
FIRST COUNTRYMAN: What's the news, Abe? Why are 

we called together? 
SECOND COUNTRYMAN: Papers of importance from 
Philadelphia, they tell me. Congress wants to read 
'em to us. 
FIRST COUNTRYMAN: And that's right. 
GENERAL NATHANIEL WOODHULL: Friends and Fel- 
low-Countrymen! Despatches have arrived by 
courier from Philadelphia. Despatches of great mo- 
ment to us all. Our delegates there assembled have 
issued a defiance to King George (hisses), and have 
drawn up a declaration of our independence from the 
Crown. (Loud cheers from the crowd. Cries of 
"Down with King George!" "Hurrah for the 
Colonies!") This declaration will be read to you. 
(Cries of "Read! Read!") (General Woodhull lifts 
his hand in a gesture asking silence.) But first, my 



93 



friends, I wish to impress upon you the great im- 
portance of this moment. Did I not hear a cry of 
"Hurrah for the Colonies?" Well, friends, we are no 
longer Colonists. We to-day are not Colonies. We 
are a Nation. (Loud cheers.) We are no more sub- 
jects of King George. We are American Citizens! 

(Prolonged cheering. Men shake 
hands with each other, and fling 
up their caps. 
GENERAL WOODHULL (to Clerk) : The Secretary will 
read to you, my Fellow-Countrymen, this great docu- 
ment. It is the Charter of our liberties. It super- 
sedes the Magna Charta wrested ages ago by the 
Barons of England from King John on the field of 
Runnymede. 

(General WoodhuU steps on one 
side. Clerk comes forward and 
reads.) 
CLERK: When in the course of human events, it becomes 
necessary for one people to dissolve the political 
bands which have connected them with another, and 
to assume among the powers of the earth, the sepa- 
rate and equal station to which the Laws of Nature 
and of Nature's God entitles them, a decent respect 
to the opinions of mankind requires that they should 
declare the causes which impel them to the separa- 
tion. 

We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all 
men are created equal, that they are endowed by 
their Creator with certain inalienable Rights, that 
among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of 
Happiness. That to secure these rights. Govern- 
ments are instituted among men, deriving their just 
powers from the consent of the governed, that when- 
ever any Form of Government becomes destructive 
of those ends, it is the Right of the People to insti- 
tute a new Government, laying its foundations on 

94 



snch principles and organizing its powers in such 
form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their 
safety and happiness. 

We, Therefore, the Representatives of the United 
States of America, in General Congress assembled, 
appealing to the Supreme Judge of the World for the 
rectitude of our intentions, do, in the Name, and by 
Authority of the Good People of these Colonies, sol- 
emnly publish and declare. That these United Colonies 
are, and of Right ought to be, free and independent 
States ; that they are Absolved from all Allegiance to 
the British Crown, and that all political connection 
between them and the State of Great Britain is, and 
ought to be, totally dissolved; and that as free and 
independent States they have full power to levy War, 
conclude Peace, contract Alliances, establish Com- 
merce, and to do all other Acts and Things which in- 
dependent States may of right do. And for the sup- 
port of this Declaration, with a firm reliance on the 
protection of Divine Providence, We mutually pledge 
to each other our Lives, our Fortunes, and our sacred 
Honour. 

(Again, long cheering. General 
WoodhuU steps forward again.) 

GENERAL WOODHULL : Friends ! You have heard. There 
is now no going back. Every movement must be 
forward. Promise me. Men and Women of West- 
chester, that, however long or terrible may be the 
struggle, your hearts will not fail you until we stand 
great and free among the Nations of the Earth! 

(Cries of "Forward! Forward! 
We Promise.") 

GENERAL WOODHULL: Then God defend the Right! 
Long live these United States of America! 

(Exit.) 



95 



I J f\n A rt n/t 1U« fUt Art n/l f\/l n/( rUI A^ fUl lUt KJt AA fUl^A fU« lUI M.M« flA KA MA M A^ lUt A^ IVI AA fUl Ail KA 1^ 




o b\« i/v b%i4n< in< w>« 1^ ini tfv 1^ vu irv ^ vv w^ in« ini ini iw in tnitfwvv wuyv WW ini^ini ini iniini vv vv vw 1^ 



w-'U'L'r. 



" IValking from watch to watch, from lent to tent. 
Let him cry "Praise and glorn on hia head I" 
For forth he goes, and visits all his host. 

Upon his royal face there is no note 

How dread an army hath enrounded him; 

Nor doth he dedicate one jot of color 

Unto the Tseary and all-watched night, 

(But freshly looks, and overbears attaint 

With cheerful semblance and sweet majesty; 

'Chat evefs wretch, pining and pale before, 

(Beholding him, plucks comfort from his looks; 

A largess universal, like the sun. 

His liberal eye doth give to every one, 

'Chawing cold fear. . . . . " 

Henry V. 



EPISODE Vh-Scene Third. 

By PRESSLEY BISLAND 

THE BATTLE OF WHITE PLAINS 

Part I. 

SCENE: Camp near Washington's headquarters at the 

White Plains. 
TIME: Oct. 28th, 1776. 

PERSONS REPRESENTED: 
American Officers: 

General Washington in command 
Colonel Haslet of Delaware troops 
Colonel Brooks of Massachusetts militia 
Colonel Smallwood of Maryland troops 

Veterans of Battle of Long Island: 
Colonel Webb of Connecticut troops 
Colonel Ritzema, Third N. Y. Regiment and 
Captain Alexander Hamilton, commanding two pieces 
of artillery- 
American soldiers — British and Hessian soldiers. 



97 



v.r-V 



(American soldiers enter, out of 
ranks, stand and sit in groups, no 
officer being present.) 

FIRST SOLDIER: And so, if we submit, the King will 
grant a pardon to us all. 

SECOND SOLDIER: 'T is true, I 've heard. Lord Howe 
himself, 't is said, made the proclamation when land- 
ing on our shores. The King, by his report, will gra- 
ciously let bygones be forgotten if we will stack our 
arms, submit and swear allegiance to the Crown. 

THIRD SOLDIER: A pretty crown indeed to our en- 
deavours. 

FOURTH SOLDIER: A short cut to longevity and tempting 
withal, when bayonets and bullets are the alterna- 
tive, I say. If my reckoning 's not wrong, before this 
day's business ends, a higher Court will find us seek- 
ing pardon there. 

THIRD SOLDIER (laughing) : The "Bashful New England- 
ers," who, at Hart's Corners, this forenoon, so nimbly 
saved their skins by the better part of valour and a 
ducking in the Bronx, had in mind, no doubt, a sum- 
mons from that Higher Court. 

FIFTH SOLDIER (turning sharply) : Who speaks of par- 
don, and of courts? Remember "Brother Jonathan's" 
words: "No doubt we all need Heaven's pardon for 
our manifold sins and transgressions, but the Ameri- 
can who needs the pardon of His Britanic Majesty is 
yet to be found. (General cries of approval from 
the men: "Three cheers for Jonathan Trumbull.") 
Attention, men — the General comes! 

(Men stand at attention. Enter 
all the American officers.) 

GENERAL WASHINGTON: Soldiers, the enemy is near at 
hand. Soon, on the slopes of this hill, you will en- 
counter his fire. He comes buoyed by the hope of 
inflicting a blow that will end the campaign and make 
us sue for peace. I conjure you by the love you bear 

98 



your Country, by your concern for her liberty, and by 
your regard for the safety of those dear to you to 
display that spirit of bravery becoming the cause in 
which you are engaged. Brave and gallant action 
now may prove the turning point in our affairs, and 
lead to peace and liberty. (Turning to Colonel Has- 
let.) What is the number of our men, Colonel? 

COLONEL HASLET: In all, 1800, sir. Keen for the fight 
and unfearful of the odds. 

GENERAL WASHINGTON: And the enemy's forces? Know 
you how many? 

COLONEL HASLET: Reports vary, sir. From four to 
seven thousand, 't is said. The "Bashful New Eng- 
landers" report the higher number. 

GENERAL WASHINGTON (laughing) : Like Falstaff's 
men in buckram, let us hope. Perhaps their fears 
have multiplied the enemy, but we'll meet them when 
they come, though they be seven thousand strong. 
Our danger's great, the greater therefore should our 
courage be. (To Captain Alexander Hamilton.) Is 
your artillery placed. Captain? 

CAPTAIN HAMILTON: Advantageously, sir. Shotted 
with grape and bravely served. Two field-guns only 
compose my battery, yet for the execution it will do, 
I pledge my v/ord. 

GENERAL WASHINGTON: The odds are great, but we 
must stay the enemy here, and thus divert an attack 
upon the entrenchments. If this is done, though we 
retreat, the day we may count won. Officers, deploy 
your men, and if retreat be forced, let it be slow, or- 
derly and to the intrenchments. 

(American forces withdraw to 
meet the enemy on another part 
of the hill. ) 



99 



Part 11. 

ANOTHER PART OF THE FIELD 

British Officers: 

General Lord Howe (in command) 

General Sir Henry Clinton 

General de Heister 

General Leslie and 

Colonel Rahl of Hessian troops 

(British and Hessian forces enter. 
General Lord Howe command- 
ing.) 
GENERAL LORD HOWE: The enemy have retreated to 
their intrenchments, where they are strongly forti- 
fied. Pursuit seems not expedient at this juncture. 
Our loss is great, our men are worn by the fatiguing 
climb. Our wounded call for our attention, and the 
valiant dead must be laid at rest. Therefore, we 
will move to a spot more favorable for the night's 
encampment, and there hold further counsel. Offi- 
cers! withdraw your men beneath the hill to the 
westward, and there let proper honors be shown to 
those who have fallen to-day in the cause of His 
Gracious Majesty. 

(British and Hessian forces with- 
draw. ) 




100 




EPISODE VI -Scene Fourth. 

By PRESSLEY BISLAND 

THE CAPTURE OF ANDRE 

SCENE: Albany Post Road, just north of Tarrytown, and 

hard by a small brook. 

TIME: Sept. 23rd, 1780. 

PERSONS REPRESENTED: 

Three American scouts, reconnoitering for cow-thieves: 
John Paulding 
David Williams 
Isaac Van Wart 

Major Andre, Adjutant- General of the British Army 

(Van Wart on guard. Paulding 
and Williams seated, pla3dng 
cards in the edge of the woods. ) 

VAN WART: A dry business this, I say. 

PAULDING: How now. What ails thee? 

VAN WART: Aye! Ale's the word! My throat's as dry 
as your powder-horn. This cow-thief hunting pro- 
vokes a thirst. A pot of ale would stir my ardor for 
the patrol. 

WILLIAMS: We are at the rubber. When 'tis played 
we'll cut this place, and move towards Tarrjrtown, 
and quench our thirst. 

VAN WART: What were the orders? 

PAULDING: To patrol the road. 



101 



VAN WART: Were they specific as to the point on the 

road? 
PAULDING: No! Just the road generally. 
VAN WART: Then to my thinking, nearer the town 's the 
place. 'T is lonely here. These cow-thieves oft fre- 
quent the settlements, I'm told. Let 's hunt them 
there. 

(Paulding and Williams rise and 
shoulder their guns.) 
VAN WART: Look! A horseman comes, and see — he 
wears boots. We must stop him. 

(Major Andre approaches on 
horseback. Paulding levels his 
gun at him.) 
MAJOR ANDRE (saluting) : Gentlemen! God bless you! 

I hope you are of our party. 
PAULDING: What party? 
ANDRE (hesitating) : The lower party. 
PAULDING: 'T is ours. 

ANDRE : I am glad to meet you, gentlemen. My name is 
John Anderson. My business is particular. You will 
not detain me long, I trust. (He pulls out his watch 
to impress them with the fact that he is a gentle- 
man. ) Time flies. I must hurry on. 
PAULDING: Dismount. We are Americans. 

(Andre, laughing boisterously to 
disguise his terrible mistake.) 
ANDRE (to Paulding) : Now, Heaven be thanked, you 
are true Americans! Sir, your green German yager 
coat led me to think you of the British forces. My 
deception has discovered you as friends. 'T was but 
a ruse I played to test you. I may then confess I 
am an officer of the Continental Army. My business 
at Dobbs Ferry lies, to get information of the enemy. 
Observe my pass from General Arnold. I must 
hasten on my way. My orders were imperative. 

(Presents pass from General 

102 



Arnold, which Paulding reads 
aloud. ) 
PAULDING: "September 22, 1780. 

"Headquarters, 

"Robinson's House. 
"Permit Mr. John Anderson to pass the Guards 
"to the White Plains, or below, if he chooses, he 
"being on public business by my direction. 

"B. Arnold, 
"Ma jor- General. " 
PAULDING: You tell two tales, my friend! Dismount! 

Bear you any letters? 
ANDRE (dismounts): No! none! 

PAULDING (to Williams and Van Wart) : Search him. 

(Williams and Van Wart search 
his clothing thoroughly. ) 
VAN WART (to Andre) : Sit down! 

ANDRE (sitting down) : This is an indignity, gentlemen. 
You only bring trouble on yourselves by this. To 
disregard the General's pass is a grave matter. 

(Williams removes Andre's boot, 
and Van Wart his stocking, re- 
vealing the traitorous documents 
from Benedict Arnold, which Van 
Wart hands to Paulding, since he 
is the only one of the three who 
can read.) 
PAULDING (scans the papers and puts them in his 
pocket, exclaiming) : This man is a spy! These 
papers that he bears betray our stronghold at West 
Point, with all its men and stores. The hand of 
treason wrote these lines. 'T is God's Providence 
that we seized them. 

(Andre replaces his boot and 
stocking, and rises. Van Wart 
and Williams cover him with their 
guns.) 

103 



/ f 



ANDRE : My watch to you, sir (to Paulding), and a hun- 
j dred guineas, gentlemen, to each of you, if you but 

pass me to the British lines. Accompany me thither 
and honors shall be yours, and wealth for all your 
days. 
' PAULDING: Not for ten thousand guineas shall you stir 

one step to liberty. By heavens, no! Remount! To 
Sand's Mill and captivity you go! 

(Andre remounts and Van Wart 
I* leads his horse, followed by Pauld- 

ing, and Williams, with their guns 
in readiness.) 




104 




EPISODE 
VII • 








C2^€y ^y ^ \\ntury 




&ttan 



PEACE 

"And there was given him' dominion, and glory, and a 
Kingdom, that all people, nations and languages should 
serve him: his dominion is an everlasting dominion, which 
shall not pass away, and his kingdom that which shall 
not be destroyed. 

[Anne Hutchinson's quolalions at 
her trial in Boston ] 

N A DISCOURSE ON THE LIFE AND 
GENIUS OF WASHINGTON IRVING, 
DELIVERED ON THE ANNIVERSARY 
OF HIS BIRTH IN 1860, BEFORE THE 
NEW YORK HISTORICAL SOCIETY, 
WILLIAM CULLEN BRYANT, CALLS 
attention to the fact that Irving was born on April 
3, 1783, but a few days after the news of the treaty with 
Great Britain. "He opened his eyes to the light just in 
the dawn of that Sabbath of peace which brought rest 
to the land after a weary seven years' war. It seems 
fitting that one of the first births of the new peace, so 
welcome to our country, should be that of a genius as 
kindly and faithful as peace itself, and destined to make 
the world better and happier by its gentle influences." 
Bryant rejoices that we have had such a writer as Irving 
"to bridge the chasm between the two great nations" — 




105 



that an illustrious American lived so long in England, and 
was there so deeply loved, and strove so successfully to 
bring the two peoples into a better mutual understanding, 
and to heal them of the prejudices of little minds. The 
work assigned to Irving, in the very quality and structure 
of his own mind and heart, was a work of peace and 
brotherhood. 

In 1832 Irving returned from his appointment as 
Secretary of Legation at the Court of St. James, with all 
the trophies he had won in the fields of literature and 
diplomacy he lay at his country's feet. The rejoicing on 
his return was universal that one who had represented us 
so illustriously abroad was henceforth to live among us. 

All the country was moved to meet him at his coming. 
The public banquet in New York was long remembered 
for its brilliancy, and the most eminent citizens were 
there assembled to do him honor. 

But Irving shrank from great public functions — and 
thus it is in the seclusion of his own beloved Sunnyside, 
on his return from the Court of Spain in 1846, that he is 
represented in this closing scene of the Pageant — 
"among the guests star-scattered on the grass" — an 
imaginary gathering of the literary men of the day, and of 
his nearest and dearest friends and connections. 

In speaking of the influence of Irving's work upon 
American literature Bryant further adds : 

"Those whom we acknowledge as our poets appeared 
in the world of letters and won its attention after Irving 
had become famous. I look abroad on the stars of our 
literary firmament, some crowded together with their 
minute points of light in a galaxy — some standing apart 
in glorious constellations: I recognize Arcturus and Orion 
and Perseus and the glittering jewels of the Southern 
Crown and the Pleiades shedding sweet influences: But 
the Evening Star, the soft and serene light that glowed in 
their van, the precursor of them all has sunk below the 
horizon." 

Yet, it is not the stars which have sunk to inactive 
rest. They ever move majestically in their courses through 
the Heavens. It is we who have revolved away from 
them. But now, once more, in our Eastern sky we see 
them blaze — announcing the coming of the Dawn. Look 
Eastward! 

ior> 




^ lAi lAi irw tfv ini ¥w ini ifw vv vv tni vw ini in< irw ini ¥tf im vvf mi hTM lAi C? 



EPISODE VII. 

By RUTH McENERY STUART 

WASHINGTON IRVING AT SUNNYSIDE 

Receiving distinguished guests on the occasion of his 
home-coming after his Important Diplomatic 

Mission 

as 

United States Minister to the Court of Spain 

in the year 
1846. 
SCENE: "Sunnyside," at Irvington. 
YEAR: 1846. 
PERSONS REPRESENTED: 
WASHINGTON IRVING. 
DONALD G. MITCHELL (Ik Marvel). 
OLIVER WENDELL HOLMES. 
HENRY W. LONGFELLOW. 
NATHANIEL HAWTHORNE. 
WILLIAM CULLEN BRYANT. 
JAMES FENIMORE COOPER. 
GEORGE PALMER PUTNAM (publisher). 
JAMES HARPER (Senior member Harper and 

Brothers, Publishers). 
DANIEL WEBSTER. 
EDGAR ALLAN POE. 
EDMUND CLARENCE STEDMAN. 
JAMES RUSSELL LOWELL. 
N. P. WILLIS. 



107 



GEORGE BANCROFT. 

JAMES KIRKE PAULDING. 

SAMUEL J. TILDEN. 

LEUTZE (the painter). 

GEORGE SUMNER. 

GEN. JOHN C. FREMONT. 

CLARK (of the Knickerbocker Magazine). 

JOHN PENDLETON KENNEDY. 

PIERRE M. IRVING. 

GEN. JAMES WATSON WEBB. 

REV. JAMES SELDEN SPENCER. 

GEORGE D. MORGAN. 

EDWARD S. J AFFRAY. 

HON. MOSES H. GRINNELL. 

MRS. MOSES H. GRINNELL. 

FREDERICK SWARTOUT COZZENS (of Yonkers, 
who visited him) . 

RIP VAN WINKLE. 

HEINRICH HUDSON. 

HIS CREW. 

(Irving enters from the left, smil- 
ing, both hands extended to greet 
the guests who, entering from 
right, meet him in the center of 
stage. Here come, in groups, 
Putnam, Irving, Bryant, Holmes, 
Longfellow and others — the lad, 
Edmund Clarence Stedman, at 
Bryant's side.) 
IRVING: Well, well! This is a pleasure! Who but you, 

dear Mr. Putnam — 
PUTNAM: Only too proud, too proud, my dear Diedrich 

Knick — 
IRVING: Sh! None o' that, my friend! Bless his heart, 

and here is Ik Marvel, the young man who wrote my 

reveries for me. How did you know about an old 

108 



bachelor's reveries? And this — how delightful — this 
is Mr. Bryant, too, and these young — 
BRYANT: My hand to you, dear Mr. Irving. These two 
young men I beg the honor of presenting. This tall 
young poet with the "Nevermore" expression in his 
deep eyes is Edgar Allan Poe — and the lad beside 
me is my friend, Edmund Clarence Stedman, Ned, for 
short. He was dying to take your hand, and I fetched 
him in (Stedman timidly extends his hand, to Mr. 
Irving) He knows all our lines by heart, and, by the 
way, he craves your autograph. I should n't be sur- 
prised if he would be writing us all up, some day. 
IRVING: My autograph? Why not! Bless his curly head! 
And you Mr. Poe, we all know. The tintinnabulation 
of your ringing reputation has been running through 
my old head this twelvemonth. Any scribe can put 
bells into his verse, but, begad, not one in a thousand 
can make them ring! 
POE: (bowing low in embarrassment) If my bells ring 
true, Mr. Irving, your pure English undefiled has been 
my tuning-fork. 
IRVING: Aptly said, sir, aptly said. Please look at Oliver 
Holmes over there, whispering one of his mots into 
Emerson's ear. See them look up — yes, we're talk- 
ing about you two. He can't hear what you're say- 
ing, Holmes. He's up in the heavens. Gad, but its 
good to see you both! 

(The last of these words are lost 
in the general hum, as more 
guests arrive and take their places 
on the lawn, for the dance, Mr. 
Irving and his friends looking on. 
When the dance is over, the dan- 
cers come and join the dis- 
tinguished company gathered in- 

109 



\f- 



formally about the table — some 
seated and others declining seats 
and standing in groups.) 
COOPER: (when the arrangement is complete, lifting his 
glass from his place opposite Irving) Ladies and 
gentlemen. It is my privilege to propose a toast to 
our most distinguished living American! First in 
citizenship, he represents the best we have in social 
America, and the open door of his mansion fashioned 
for hospitality, is the true type of that noble institu- 
tion, an American home. 

First in literature, inasmuch as it is through him 
that we are all honored today in the prestige of old- 
world recognition. If Sydney Smith were with us 
to-day, poor Smith, he could not say, with a shrug, 
"Who ever reads an American book?" 

First in statesmanship, he returns to our welcom- 
ing shores crowned with laurels more honorable 
than the scars of battle — laurels won in the tranquil 
halls of friendly arbitration in the holy cause of peace. 
And so, friends, let us drink to the health of OUR 
FIRST LIVING AMERICAN. 

(The toast is drunk — then calls 
for Mr. Irving. ) 
IRVING: Ladies, fellow-citizens, friends: I feel almost 
like saying Gentlemen of the Jury! I am deeply 
touched by your arraignment, and to your charge, I 
am constrained to plead the ordinary prisoner's de- 
fense: "Not guilty!" I find myself charged to-day, in 
this council of my friends, with three offences against 
my betters, (bowing to his guests.) 

As to the first charge, I must oppose dissent. A 
bachelor's home at its best is only a bachelor's home, 
an anomaly. A citizen's pride is to rear sons to the 
State and as I have failed in this — 

Secondly, "First in Literature" — my friends, I 
blush in confusion, in this goodly company. No bat- 

110 



tie of words can settle such a matter as this. Like 
other great questions, it can best be decided by ar- 
bitration — and Time must be our arbiter. 

And now, for the third accusation, "First American 
Statesman." I plead again "Not guilty," and from 
the quizzical lift of that eyebrow in the direction in 
which I am looking, I fancy that Mr. Daniel Webster 
will agree with me. No, my friends, if by my feeble 
endeavors, I have reared a temple of fame for my- 
self, however slight, please observe that I have reck- 
lessly built it in the land where my largest holdings 
have ever been — in Spain — it is only a chateau en 
Espagne! 

(Irving joins in the laughter which 
follows. ) 

HOLMES: If there's one thing I like, it is to see a man 
enjoy his own jokes. 

IRVING: It cost me dear once, though. I was walking the 
London streets when an Irish beggar woman ac- 
costed me. "Ach, and God bless your merry face!" 
said she. "You're not one to refuse a poor widdy 
a sixpence!" Well, the smallest coin in my pocket 
happened to be a guinea — and she got it ! Served me 
right for laughing at my own thoughts ! 

LONGFELLOW: A man who can do that, Mr. Irving, can 
never be lonely. 

IRVING: Not so long as his jokes hold out, no. 

LOWELL: Well, you certainly built well for America in 
Spain, Mr. Irving. Better than I could have done, 
myself. May Spain never have reason to doubt the 
sincerity of America's peace-policy. 

IRVING: Truly, I hope not. That's where I'm going when 
I die — to Spain. As soon as I'm fairly disembodied, 
I hope to don my filmiest wings and flit between the 
remains of the old Alhambra and my dear woods 
here at "Sunnyside." 

HOLMES: Where you are never lonely? 

Ill 



IRVING: Never. You see I am really wedded to my muse. 
And my children — 

ANOTHER GUEST: Do they satisfy, as others, these 

imaginary — 
IRVING: Satisfy? How may a childless man know? 
They delight me — that I know — and they come at 
my bidding. 
HAWTHORNE: I suppose you ring the bells of imag- 
ination, and — 
IRVING: Yes, you know the way, Nathaniel. I may not 
have your bells or young Poe's — but such as they are, 
they are mine. 
HARPER: If we who print your work could only see you 
do it, gentlemen! Genius in action — v/hat a vision! 
Now, Mr. Irving, do you mean to say that your head- 
less horseman, for instance, is a cheerful companion? 
IRVING: He is mine own — and he amuses me. Yes, I 
like him because he can't inherit my headaches. If 
you will all stop your clatter a moment, I'll see what 
I can do with my imagination's bells. They are a 
shy lot, my children, but we'll see. 

(He commands silence, then, and 
turning toward the woods, lifts his 
arms, at which a number of bells 
are heard clearly tinkling among 
the trees, and out from the shad- 
ows come trooping old Rip Van 
Winkle, followed at a distance, by 
Heinrich Hudson and his crew. 
Rip comes up to Irving, extending 
his hand.) 
IRVING: (who has advanced to meet Rip) Let me present 

Rip Van Winkle, my friends, one of the children. 
RIP: Yes, dot's my fodder — or maybe my god-fodder. 
Come here, Schneider, come vag your tail for — 
Where is dot dog Schneider? (looking back into 
woods.) 

112 



WILLIS: We were just getting ready to drink a toast, 
Rip. 

RIP : Yes, I heard you. 

WILLIS: We hadn't mentioned it yet. We were just 
thinking about it. 

RIP: I know, I heard you finking about it. I was 
schleepin' und it waked me up. I heard you schpea- 
kin' about peace — uniwersal peace. I schwore off 
already, I don't drink no more, but dis time don't 
count; I drink to dot 'uniwersal peace' — in de 
house! 

A GUEST: Peace in the house? Then you would have the 
women silent? No women voting, for you? 

RIP: Don't dey go out to wote? Yes, let dem wote. 
Efery day Election day. Den I stay home. 

(The dwarfs have come up by this 
time.) 

ANY GUEST: And who are these behind you. Rip? 

RIP (turning): Can't prove it by me! Dey don't con- 
werse — but dey drink all right! (All the dwarfs 
nod). 

GUEST: Give them glasses then, and let us change our 
toast, in honor of these denizens of the forest. We 
have with us to-day the tender poet of "The groveST-^ 
God's first temples." 

(Calls for Mr. Bryant.) 

BRYANT: Ladies, gentlemen — Rip Van Winkle and the 
Mystical Crewe of Heinrich Hudson — shall I say 
Ladies, gentlemen and ghosts! We all love Rip, 
the adorable, and his mystical crewe, but as types, 
they are hardly elements in universal peace. So, let 
us make this toast in their honor. To sylvan life the 
world over, from Eden down through all the forests 
of history and romance, but on this distinguished 
occasion, we toast especially this beautiful county of 
Westchester — with all its residents and guests, past, 
present and future. 

(After this toast, Mr. Irving turns, 

113 



lifts his arms and at the sound of 

the forest-beils, Rip and the crew 

run back and disappear in the 

woods.) 

IRVING: One more toast before parting, my friends: I 

would that, from the sweet harmony of this tender 

occasion, which, I assure you, has kept the tears 

under my lids from the beginning, — would that we 

might send one word as its dominant note down the 

ages. That sacred word is PEACE. Perhaps the 

tenderest words ever spoken by divine lips were 

"My peace I leave with you." Let this, then, be 

our watchword — PEACE. My toast is (lifting his 

glass) to the DAWN of UNIVERSAL PEACE. 

(Here all the participants in the 
Pageant, each of the six previous 
episodes in a separate group, 
enter the field, from right and 
left alternately, and range them- 
selves behind the group of actors 
of this last episode) 
Down an open avenue in the center ride a group of 
horsemen bearing the flags of all Nations at the last con- 
ference at the Hague, headed by the white bordered Flag 
of Peace. 

All join in singing The Netherlands Hymn of Thanksgiving. 

So we complete the Cycle. 

And so the Pageant closes as it opens — 

AT THE HAGUE. 



114 



NOTE: The White-bordered "Ensign of Liberty 
and Peace" used in the Pageant is kindly lent by 
Dr. Robert S. Freedmaa of the League of Peace. 



115 



JXlC^ALJ*lJ^c^UIJUI U L«I^Lc^]^^ 





CTTnPTTTTTT?rTYTTTTrTT7TTTTTrTlV^ 



VERSES FROM JOSEPH RODMAN DRAKE'S 
POEM "THE BRONX" 

I sat me down upon a green bank-side, 

Skirting the smooth edge of a gentle river, 

Whose waters seemed unwillingly to glide, 

Like parting friends who linger while they sever ; 

Enforced to go, yet seeming still unready, 

Backward they wind their way in many a wistful eddy. 

There were dark cedars with loose mossy tresses. 

White powdered dog-trees, and stiff hollies flaunting 

Gaudy as rustics in their May-day dresses. 

Blue pelloret from purple leaves upslanting 

A modest gaze, like eyes of a young maiden 

Shining beneath dropt lids the evening of her wedding. 

The breeze fresh springing from the lips of morn, 

Kissing the leaves, and sighing so to lose 'em. 

The winding of the merry locust's horn, 

The glad spring gushing from the rock's bare bosom: 

Sweet sights, sweet sounds, all sights, all sounds excelling, 

Oh! 'twas a ravishing spot formed for a poet's dwelling. 

Yet I will look upon thy face again,, 

My own romantic Bronx, and it will be 

A face more pleasant than the face of men. 

Thy waves are old companions, I shall see 

A well-remembered form in each old tree. 

And hear a voice long loved in thy wild minstrelsy. 



116 




isn an 




arvm 



WESTCHESTER COUNTY 

REAL ESTATE 



527 Fifth A venue 

New York 



Lawrence Jlrcade 

Bronxville, N. Y. 



L. P. Hollander & Co. 

ASK ATTENTION TO THEIR UNUSUAL 

Summer Frocks 

SUITABLE FOR COUNTRY WEAR .. .. PRICES FROM $25. 



WE MAKE A SPECIALTY OF 

Decollete Gowns 



FOR BOTH WOMEN AND MISSES 



PRICES FROM $85. 



Fifth Avenue at 26th Street, New York City 



117 



The Gramatan 
National Bank 



OF BRONXVILLE 



COMMERCIAL AND INTEREST DEPARTMENTS 
ACCOUNTS INVITED 



BURKE STONE 



BRONXVILLE 



REAL ESTATE 



A 



Offers Houses and Plots for 
sale in this vicinity. Furn- 
ished or Unfurnished Houses 
for rent. Will send list to 
meet your requirements 



^ 



OFFICE IN THE GRAMATAN HOTEL ARCADE 




I feteR/WEM,^, 



^^m W^^r^T^tfiTMifeLi 



*^ 




E^TA-smHti: 



-H^^ 



EXAMINE OUR 



Auto - Manual 
Player Piano 

IT EXCELS ALL 

IN EASE OF PUMPING AND 

PLAYING 

Factory pric33 at our factory Wartrooms 

251 to 259 Walton Avenue 

Near 138th Street 

NEW YORK CITY 



118 



Lord & Taylor 

WHOLESALE DISTRIBUTORS 





Hosiery 



q Knowing that the "ONYX" Brand has Merit and Qualit:^ of 
the unusual kind, we believe in spreading these facts broad- 
cast—there are some things worth talking about and "ONYX" 
Hosiery is one of them. Any woman can secure for the asking 
Hosiery Value extraordinary by demanding the "ONYX" Brand 
—for Men, Women and Children. 

€[ The greatest strides in Hosiery in the last fifteen years are the 



New "DUB-L TOP" 



New "WYDE TOP 



i»» 



>» 



New ^^DOUBLEX 

These improvements can be found only in the "ONYX" brand. 
ASK YOUR DEALER 



^ew York 



Lawyers Westchester 
Mortgage and 
Title 
Company 

Examines and Insures 
Tides to Real Estate. 

Lends <^one}) on 
Bond and ^M^ortgage. 

Sells ^Mortgages with 
Principal, Interest 
and Title Quaranteed. 

m:a.in office 
125 RAILROAD AVENUE 

WHITE PLAINS. N. Y. 




BRANCH OFKICK 

52 LAWTON STREET 
NEW ROCHELLE. N. Y. 



WESTCHESTER TRUST GO. 

YONKERS, N. Y. 

Capital, .... S300.00Q 
Surplus and Undivided Profih, - $175,000 

leterest Paid on Deposits Subject to Check- 

Authorized b^ Law to act as Executor, Adminis- 
trator, Receiver or Trustee. 

Legal Depository of Court and Trust Funds. 

Safe Deposit Boxes and Storage Vaults for 
Silverware and Valuables. 



DIRECTORS 



F. Harvey Bell, 
Richard M. Burdsall 
Francii M. Carpenter, 
Eugene C. Clarlc, 
Charles R. Dutenberry, 
Charlet Dusenberry, Jr., 
William Palmer East, 
George S- Eldie, 
Richard Eldie, Jr.. 
E. J. Elting. 



Peter J. EJting, 
Henry R. Hicks, 
Edward F. Hill, 
John Hoag, 
Edson Lewif. 
Alanaon J. Prime. 
Daniel S. Ramien, 
Benjamin W. Stillwell, 
J. Mayhew Wainwright, 
Howard WilleU. 



OFFICERS 

Peter J. Elting, Piesident 

Francis J. Carpenter, Chas. R. Dusentwrrv, Richard Edie,Jr. 

Vice-Presidents 

James E. Howes, Secretary and Trust Ojfficer 

George W. Peene, Treasurer 

James W. Shaughnessy, Assistant Secretary-Treasurer 



119 



THE MOUNT VERNON TRUST CO. 

COR. THIRD AVENUE AND FIRST STREET 
MOUNT VERNON, N. Y. 

Total Assets over $2,500,000.00 



It matters not what amount of money you have to deposit — we 
will accept it at this bank. We welcome the small depositors, 
we extend to them the same consideration and courtesies ac- 
corded all our patrons. Interest allowed on daily balances. 
Higher rates of interest paid in our Special Deposit Department. 



SAFE DEPOSIT BOXES 



SILVER STORAGE VAULTS 



The WOODHOUSE MFG. CO. 

MAmiFACTURERS FIRE DEPT. SUPPLIES 




AGENTS 

Nott Steam Fire Engines 
Webb Motor Fire Engines 
Multiple Woven Fire Hose 



SEND FOR 
CATALOGUES 



50 West Broadway, New York 



NEW YORK CENTRAL REALTY CO. 



0/ FIRST MORTGAGE 
/O BONDS 



CAN BE CASHED ON 
DEMAND 



' I 'HE Full Paid Bond of the New York Central Realty Co is issued in de- 
*■ nominations ol $1,000, $500 and $100 and is purchasable at par. 

It matures in 10 years from date of issue, the interest being payable semi-annually 
by coufjons attached. It may be surrendered after one year and within two 
years from date of issue for its face, with 5 per cent, interest. After tao ^ears 
it may he cashed with full six per cent, interest. 

It is specifically scared by first mortgages on New York Real Estat', to an 
amount five per cent, greater than the Bond, deposited with the Windsor Trust 
Company Trustee, and so certified by them ; and is further secured by our com- 
bined capital, surplus and undivided profits aggregating over $1,300,000. 
It offers the three essentials of the perfect investment — Safety — Availability — Profit. 



New York Central Realty Co. 



1328 BROADWAY 
NEW YORK 



120 



Gramatan 



EDWARD T. LEISS, Prop. 



Storing .. Repairing .. Supplies 




TELEPHONE 150 BRONXVILLE 



ASTE 
PRESS 

Printers 

Lithographers 
Engravers 

ASK FOR ESTIMATES 

231-233 BOWERY 
NEW YORK 

Printers of this ^ook 



KINSEY'S 



Fifth 
Avenue 




Store 



"Kinsey's Quality" is ihe best. There 
isn't a bit of make-believe linen in our 
store — not a piece mixed with cotton. 
Beginning with the finest products of the 
best manufacturers in the linen world, we 
show a bewildering assortment. Kinsey 
prices are low-lower than you would 
expect. ;: :: :: ;■• := 

Lovers of beautiful Linens are invited 
to inspect this collection. 

Wm. S. Kinsey & Co. 

240 Fifth Avenue :: New York City 



121 



James McCreery & Co. 

23 rd Street 34th Street 

Fur Storage. 

Furs and Fur Trimmed Garments received 
for storage. Customers should kindly send 
Garments to be altered or repaired as early 
as possible during the Summer months, to 
facilitate their prompt delivery in the Fall. 



23 rd Street 



34th Street 



NEW YORK 



GENUMG S 
LITTLE SHOP 



A UNIQUE STORE 

in this most unique town of Bronx- 
ville — A sort of Miniature De- 
partment Store where 
you can obtain 
all the 

Little Necessaries and the 
Bigger Items 

from the Mount Vernon Store 
on short notice. 



TELEPHONE 107 B 

' > 

S. C RICHARDS 

PAINTEK 
DECOKATOI^ 

and 

PAPEIi MANGEK, 




BtLONXVILLE, N. Y. 



122 



THE 

LAFF ARGUE CO. 



MAKERS OF 

FINE ^^^ 



INCORPORATED 



Upriabt 



♦ # 



♦ ♦ 



Player Pianos 



BEST PIANO EVER MADE 
FOR THE PRICE 



TELEPHONE 19 

CONLIN & CO. 

Coal and Olood 

Teed 

Hay and Straw 

Drain Pipe 

and 

Building 
materials 

BRECKENRIDGE STREET 

TUCKAHOE, N. Y. 



TELEPHONE 404 



^ 



JOHN BORUP 

Carpenter 

— ^ and •^—^ 

. Builder , 

ESTIMATES PROMPTLY GIVEN 

TUCKAHOE, R Y. 



123 



HENNING'S AUTO GARAGE 

THB PIONEER GARAGE OF THE COUNTRY 

Cor. North Third and Sydney Aves.. Mount Vernon, N. Y. 

DISTRIBUTING HEADQUARTERS 

MICHELIN AND DIAMOND TIRES ^"^"^srocit '^ 

AUTO SUPPLIES AND REPAIRS 



S6e W. B. TIBBITS CO 



Real Estate and 
Insurance ^ ^ 



Ap prates ers and ^*^^v^ ^yiuiomobile Insurance 

Auctioneers ^^ of att KJndj 

REALTY BUILDING. WHITE PLAINS. N. Y. - TELEPHONE 347 



GRAMATAN AVENUE 

VV/E ARE offering a number of attractive houses on Gramaatan Avenue. These 

^ ^ properties are vy^ithin 1 5 minutes w^alk of the Bronxville Station. The houses 

contain 1 and I I rooms, 2 baths and all modem conveniences. They may be rented 

for from $70. to $85. per month and purchased for from $ I 1 .000 to $ 1 4.000 .. .. 

FISH <a MARVIN 

527 Fifth Avenue, ArcaLde Building, 

INew York Bronxville, New York 



An Investment that Does Not Depreciate in Value 

Before investing your savings ask yourself one question. Can I afford to have the cash price 
of my investment depreciate ? If — NO — is your answer, then take no risk, but find out what 
form of investment is ABSOLUTELY free from any such hazard. 

There is one form of investment where the cash price is GUARANTEED not to depreciate 
and where the intrinsic value increases each year. 

This form of investment is issued by the Home Life Insurzmce Company and can be applied 
to people in all stations of life. 

ANNUITIES AND LIFE INSURANCE "Clean as a Hound't Tooth"— 6rooit/vn £<i«/e. ESTABLSHED 

IN ALL FORMS "Honesty Found in an Insurance Company" — New York IVorld. 1860 

Write for cotnplste information rsgarding Contract suited to your particular case.|Agents in all tke principal cities Inithe United States. 

HOME UIRB IINSURAINCE COMRAINV 

aeo. B. IDE, President 256 Broadway, N. Y. 

124 




JAMES McCUTCHEON & CO. 

345 Filth Avenue, New York 
FINE LINEN GOODS .. LINGERIE .. HANDKERCHIEFS, ETC. 



H. J. WOODWARD 



Estimates Submitted 
and Contracts Taken 
for all Class of Work 




Q 



Carpenter and 
Builder ^ 



14 CORTLANDT ST., MOUNT VERNON, N. Y. 

Telephone 508-R 



SIMPSON 
CRAWFORD 



CO. 



Sixth Avenue, 
19th and 20th Streets 




''One of the Finest Stores 
in ylmerica. " 



THE 

County Trust 
Company 

WHITE PLAINS, N. Y. 

James F. Horan, President 

David Cromel!, Vice President 
Joseph H. Mead, Secretary 

J. Douglass Mead, Asa't Sec'y 

Total Resources, Marob 15. 1909. 
$1,941,316.71 

INTEREST ALLOWED 
ON DEPOSITS 

•••• 

^he Company ads as T)epositary, 
"trustee. Executor, Jidministrator, 
Quardian, and in other Fiduciary 
Capacities. 



125 



HAVE YOUR BOY PREPARED FOR COLLEGE 

in half the time needed el^^twhert, at the 

BLAKE COUNTRY SCHOOL ( ?^^t^^r^^Ln^ ) 

A small Boarding and Day School for bo^-s of all ages. Classes limited to 6. Each boy 
recites to from 3 to 5 highh' trained specialists, who supervise all his study periods. 
Day scholars from New York are accompanied b^- a master to and from their homes, 
which the3' reach in time for dinner. 12 acres of grounds. Athletic facilities equal to 
those of leading boarding schools. Send for illustrated catalog to 
A. von W. LESLIE, A. M. ) 
W. W. MASSEE. A. M. ] ""*" Masters 



^ Interior Decorations / 

U/ P I CinAMC ^'^^ Furniture / 
If. tt J. oLUAIlt Draperies, Fabrics / 

- Wall Hangings and Papers 

BROADWAY AND NINETEENTH STREET, NEW YORK 



Pine Hill Riding School 

EAST LINCOLN AVENUE 
MOUNT VERNON, N. Y. 

TELEPHONE 1249 MOUNT VERNON 



First Class Saddle Horses for Rent 



o 



Horses Exercised and Broken f] Road Parties Organized under 

to the Saddle. U Suitable Chaperonage. 

o 

Faulty Qaits Corrected. 



MRS. T. A. MELANDER :■ ■:■ Proprietor 



126 



THE MOST COMPLETE 
Garage, Repair Shop and Auto Salesroom 

IN WESTCHESTER COUNTY 



STODDARD-DAYTON MOTOR CARS 

"The "Poetry of Motor dom" 



Complete Stock of High Grade Supplies 



BARRETT'S GARAGE 

Tel. 496 & 497 White Plains, N. Y. 



Fireproof Residences, Factories, Schools, Hotels, 
Apartment Houses, Garages Bungalows, Etc. 

== BmiT WITH OUR SYSTEM OF WALLS AND FLOORS^^ 

GIVE UNIVERSAL SATISFACTION 

Vitrified, Salt-CEazed HoHow Block 
Construction properly reinforced g^tve 
you a Safe Building. « c « c 

CALL ON US BEFORE YOU BUILD 

Section "D" of the Gramatan Hotel and the Studio apartment Buildings, have been con- 
structed by us at Bronxville for the LAWRENCE REALTY COMPANY. 

AN ABSOLUTELY FIRE PROOF BUILDING AGAINST A FRAME BUILDING AT 
==== PRACTICALLY THE SAME COST 

H. H. VOUGHT & COMPANY 

BUILDERS 

( ■G™idi;fe"ra''"sU:r ) 103 Park Ave., New York City 



127 



NORTH-EASTERN 
CONSTRUCTION COMPANY 



CONTRACTING ENGINEERS 



BRUNSWICK BUILDING 
FIFTH AVENUE & 26(h STREET, NEW YORK 



BUILDERS 

OF THE 



La\^rence Hospital 



BRONXVILLE, N. Y. 



Daniel A. Garber, President 

John B. Wolff Treasurer 

Henry R. Burt, .. .. .. .. .. Secretary 



L 



128 
LB N '09 



J 



